我国消极安乐死立法现状研究  

Research on Present Situation of Passive Euthanasia Legislation in China

作　　者：王华[1,2,3] 王贵君[1,2,3] 刘鑫[1,2,4] 

机构地区：[1]"2011计划"司法文明协同创新中心,北京100088 [2]中国政法大学证据科学研究院,北京100088 [3]中国政法大学法律硕士学院,北京100088 [4]中国政法大学医药法律与伦理研究中心,北京100088

出　　处：《医学与社会》2016年第4期79-82,共4页Medicine and Society

基　　金：教育部人文社会科学研究规划基金项目"司法鉴定服务合同研究";编号为14YJA820023

摘　　要：近期安乐死问题又起波澜,比利时、加拿大、法国在立法上都有突破。在我国,安乐死赞成与反对声音都很强烈,立法时机不成熟,但现实中存在非法安乐死案例,对立法形成挑战。作为放弃治疗的消极安乐死却支持者众多,不少国家和地区基本上立法也都认可。我国消极安乐死普遍存在,但缺乏立法规制,因而隐藏着放弃治疗实施故意杀人的可能,对患者近亲属和医务人员都面临被追究刑事责任的风险,通过对我国消极安乐死(即放弃治疗)立法调研和当前实际工作中放弃治疗,提出了相应对策,认可患者签署的放弃治疗意愿书和委托书法律效力,实施中应加强审批、监督,并做详细记录。Euthanasia is making argument again recently. The legislation has a breakthrough in Belgium, Canada and France. In our country, the favoring and opposing voices of euthanasia are both very strong, so the legislation opportunity is not mature. But the existence of illegal euthanasia cases in reality makes a challenge to the legislation. However, passive euthanasia giving up treatment has many supporters, and was basically approved by legislation of foreign countries and regions. Passive euthanasia is widespread in our country, but because of the lack of legis- lation and regulation, the implementation of intentional homicide may be hid by giving up treatment. Close relatives of patients and medical staff are at risk of being investigated for criminal responsibility. Finally, the writer researched euthanasia legislation of our country and put forward some corresponding countermeasures of giving up treatment in the actual work, recognized legal validity of wills paper of giving up the treatment and proxy signed by patients. Approval, supervision and medical records should be put into effect.

关 键 词：安乐死 立法 消极安乐死 临终关怀 

分 类 号：R19-0[医药卫生—卫生事业管理]