汞的肾毒性及治疗研究进展  

Progress in treatment and study of renal toxicity by mercury poisoning

作　　者：陈子安[1] 聂志勇[2] 李万华[2] 胡鹏遥[1] 隋昕[2] 邱泽武[1] 王永安[2] 

机构地区：[1]军事医学科学院附属医院,北京100071 [2]军事医学科学院抗毒药物与毒理学国家重点实验室,北京100850

出　　处：《中国药理学与毒理学杂志》2016年第3期286-290,共5页Chinese Journal of Pharmacology and Toxicology

基　　金：全军医学科技"十二五"重大(AWS11C004);全军医学科技"十二五"重大重点(BWS12J042)项目;国家新药创制重大专项(2011ZXJ09102-05C);国家新药创制重大专项(2011ZXJ-09305)~~

摘　　要：汞是常见的重金属毒物,多种原因导致的急慢性汞中毒可对人体多个脏器产生严重损害。临床上因汞中毒导致的肾病逐年增多,其损伤机制尚不明确,治疗手段有限。本文就汞的肾毒性作用机制研究进展进行综述,包括汞对肾的直接毒性作用,生物膜系统受损,汞-金属硫蛋白复合物形成,胞内Ca2+平衡失调,氧化损伤,诱导细胞凋亡,免疫性损伤等。归纳总结了临床上常见治疗方法的机理及局限,并对几种当前研究的热点问题和发展方向进行了介绍,在此基础之上探究汞对肾造成损害的疾病模型,旨在为临床上慢性汞中毒导致的肾病的治疗方法提供相关支持。Mercury is one of the common heavy-metal toxins,which can cause damage throughout the body in a variety of ways. Cases of renal toxicity of mercury poisoning are increasing clinically.However,little is known about nephrotoxicity mechanisms,and treatment remains unsatisfactory. The mechanism of mercury toxic nephropathy is reviewed in this paper,including the direct toxic effect on the kidney,the injury to the biomembrane system,generation of Hg-metallothionein,imbalance of intracel ular calciumion,oxidative damage,induced apoptosis,and immune injury. Besides,the mechanism and limitation of common therapies,potential developments of the field are discussed. This review will facilitate further investigations therapies about both the mechanism and treatment of mercury toxic nephropathy.

关 键 词：汞中毒 肾毒性 肾病 

分 类 号：R595.2[医药卫生—内科学]