蚕蛹替代鱼粉对吉富罗非鱼肌肉营养成分的影响  

Effects of replacing fish meal with silkworm pupae on muscle nutrients of GIFT(Oreochromis niloticus)

作　　者：王淑雯[1] 罗莉[1] 黄先智 陈拥军[1] 朱旺明 黄旺[1] 林肯[1] 

机构地区：[1]西南大学动物科技学院,淡水鱼类资源与生殖发育教育部重点实验室,水产科学重庆市市级重点实验室,重庆400715 [2]家蚕基因组生物学国家重点实验室,重庆400715 [3]广州市信豚水产技术有限公司,广州510642

出　　处：《淡水渔业》2016年第2期60-65,共6页Freshwater Fisheries

基　　金：公益性行业科研专项(201303053);国家自然科学基金项目(31101909);现代农业产业技术体系(CARS-22);中央高校基本科研业务费专项(XDJK2015A001);商务部茧丝绸产业公共服务体系建设项目

摘　　要：试验以300尾初始体重为(44.40±0.41)g的吉富罗非鱼(GIFT,Oreochromis niloticus)为研究对象,分别饲喂用蚕蛹(SP)替代0、25%、50%、75%和100%鱼粉(FM)的5种等氮(32%)等脂(5.5%)的饲料(分别命名SP0、SP25、SP50、SP75和SP100,基础饲料中含8%的鱼粉),每组3重复,每重复20尾鱼,在室内循环水养殖系统进行为期8周的生长试验,旨在探讨蚕蛹替代鱼粉对吉富罗非鱼肌肉营养成分的影响。结果表明:随蚕蛹替代水平上升,吉富罗非鱼肌肉粗蛋白、灰分、总氨基酸、必需氨基酸显著下降,肌肉粗脂肪含量无显著差异;较SP0组,SP100组肌肉总氨基酸和必需氨基酸分别下降3.99%和3.46%。随蚕蛹替代量增加,吉富罗非鱼肌肉C18∶3n-3和C20∶5n-3显著上升,C18∶2n-6显著下降;SP100组吉富罗非鱼肌肉C18∶3n-3和C20∶5n-3较SP0组分别上升105.33%和132.72%。结论:蚕蛹替代鱼粉后显著提高了吉富罗非鱼肌肉C18∶3n-3和C20∶5n-3含量,有利于生产富含n-3PUFA的鱼肉产品。An 8-week feeding experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of replacing fish meal（ FM） with silkworm pupae（ SP） on muscle nutrients of GIFT（ Orecochromis niloticus）. Five isonitrogenous（ crude protein 32%） and isolipidic（ ether extract 5. 5%） diets（ based diet contained 8% fish meal） were formulated by replacing 0%（ control）,25%,50%,75% and 100% FM with SP,they were named as SP0,SP25,SP50,SP75 and SP100 respectively.Each diet was fed to triplicate groups of 20 fish with an initial body weight of（ 44. 40 ± 0. 41） g. The results showed that：crude protein（ CP）,ash,total amino acids,essential amino acids contents of muscle of GIFT decreased significantly with dietary SP increasing,while muscle ether extract（ EE） content had no significant difference; Total amino acids,essential amino acids contents of muscle in SP100 group decreased by 3. 99% and 3. 46% compared with SP0 group. As dietary SP levels increased,fatty acid C18∶ 3n-3 and C20∶ 5n-3 in muscle of GIFT increased gradually and C18∶ 2n-6 declined. Com-paring with SP0 group,C18∶ 3n-3,C20 ∶ 5n-3 contents in muscle of SP100 group improved 105. 33% and 132. 72% respectively. In conclusion,replacement of fish meal with silkworm pupae can significantly improve C18∶ 3n-3 and C20∶ 5n-3 contents of muscle,which is helpful to produce fish meat rich in n-3PUFA.

关 键 词：蚕蛹 鱼粉 吉富罗非鱼(GIFT Oreochromis niloticus) 氨基酸 脂肪酸 

分 类 号：S963.21[农业科学—水产养殖]