贵阳市郊常规田间管理下两种蚜茧蜂种群数量变化特点  

Dynamics of two aphid parasitic wasps in vegetable field under habitual management in Guiyang suburbs

作　　者：王兴红[1,3] 梁霞 罗庆怀[3] 

机构地区：[1]福建农林大学,植物保护学院福建省昆虫生态学重点实验室,福建福州350002 [2]遵义市桐梓县水坝塘镇复兴中学,贵州桐梓563209 [3]贵州师范大学生命科学学院,贵州贵阳550001

出　　处：《贵州师范大学学报（自然科学版）》2016年第1期32-36,共5页Journal of Guizhou Normal University：Natural Sciences

摘　　要：于2009年3月~2010年2月和2014年7月~11月2个时段,分别在花溪镇、青岩镇和永乐乡主要蔬菜基地对寄生桃蚜Myzus persicae（Sulzer）和萝卜蚜Lipaphis erysimi（Kaltenbach）的蚜茧蜂（Aphidiidae）进行调查了定点定时的取样调查,调查其间没去干扰农户的田间常规管理（包括照常喷施农药）。结果显示：贵阳市两个区进行了贵阳市寄生十字花科蔬菜上蚜虫的蚜茧蜂主要是烟蚜茧蜂Aphidius gifuensis Ashmead和菜少脉蚜茧蜂Diaeretiella rapae M’intosh,田间虫口总量大体上是烟蚜茧蜂占2/3,菜少脉蚜茧蜂约占1/3,但某些局部菜地中菜少脉蚜茧蜂较多;在农民任意喷施杀虫剂的条件下,田间寄生率一般在0~10%之间波动;初步分析了蚜茧蜂数量与性比的关系;田间发现4种重寄生蜂,其中蚜虫蚜蝇跳小蜂Syrphophagus aphidivorus（Mayr）是寄生2种蚜茧蜂的优势种。首次反映了贵州菜地蚜茧蜂对菜蚜的自然抑制情况。In two periods of March 2009 - February 2010 and July - December 2014,the parasitics（ Hymenoptera,Aphidiidae） of 2 aphids Myzus persicae（ Sulzer） and Lipaphis erysimi（ Kaltenbach）were investigated with regular spot timing sampling in 3 places of vegetable production,Huaxi,Qingyan and Yongle,respectively. It was not interfered with normal husbandry managed by farmers,including routine spraying. Result： Aphidius gifuensis Ashmead and Diaeretiella rapae M＇intosh are the main aphid parasitics in Guiyang,southwest China. The population of first wasp was 2 /3 and the second ones quantity was 1 /3 in the total,but some time Diaeretiella rapae was dominant in small vegetable plots; With conventional spraying insecticide,the parasitism rate was from zero to 10%; Relationship between population and sex ratio was analysed preliminarily; 4 hyperparasitoid wasps was discovered,and Syrphophagus aphidivorus（ Mayr） was the dominant among them. The situation of natural control by aphidiid parasitoid in Guizhou vegetable field in a year was reported for the first time.

关 键 词：桃蚜 萝卜蚜 蚜茧蜂 重寄生蜂 寄生率 种群数量调查 

分 类 号：S476[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]