北部湾东部沉积物中石油烃分布与累积  

Distribution and accumulation of the petroleum hydrocarbon of sediments in eastern Beibu Gulf

作　　者：许冬[1] 杨海丽[1] 于培松[2] 周佩瑜[3] 

机构地区：[1]国家海洋局第二海洋研究所国家海洋局海底科学重点实验室,浙江杭州310012 [2]国家海洋局第二海洋研究所国家海洋局海洋生态系统与生物地球化学重点实验室,浙江杭州310012 [3]国家海洋局南海环境监测中心,广东广州510300

出　　处：《海洋通报》2016年第1期81-87,共7页Marine Science Bulletin

基　　金：海洋公益性行业科研专项(201105003)

摘　　要：为揭示北部湾东部沉积物中石油烃的污染现状,分析了24个表层样和1只柱状样的石油烃含量,并运用210Pb法对柱状样进行了定年。结果表明2007年北部湾东部表层沉积物中石油烃含量范围为62.94～107.80μg/g,平均为83.03μg/g,总体污染较轻。石油烃含量的低值主要出现在海南岛西侧海域,而高值主要分布在海南岛西北泥质沉积区和湾北近岸海域,油气平台附近的石油烃也略微富集,距源区距离是决定沉积物中石油烃含量的重要因素。柱状样B349基于210Pb法获得的平均沉积速率为0.53 cm/a,其中石油烃含量范围为68.31～94.77μg/g,石油烃含量的2次重要变化可能分别与20世纪80年代涠洲海域石油开发初期的溢油和20世纪90年代以来经济增长所伴随的排污增加相对应。To reveal the pollution of petroleum hydrocarbon of sediments in eastern Beibu Gulf, 24 surface sediments and one core recovered in 2007 were analyzed for total petroleum hydrocarbon content, and the core was dated by ^210 Pb method.The results showed that the total petroleum hydrocarbon content in the surface sediment ranged from 62.94 μg/g to107.80 μg/g, with an average of 83.03 μg/g, which was far below the promised pollution standard. Low petroleum hydrocarbon content appeared in the west sea area of Hainan Island, while relatively higher petroleum hydrocarbon content were found in the mud zone at the northwest of Hainan Island and the coastal area of northern Beibu Gulf. Medium accumulation of petroleum hydrocarbon was also found in the sea area around the oil platform, and the distance from the origin area was the most important factor that decided the pollution degree of petroleum hydrocarbon. The modern sedimentation rate based on ^210 Pb was 0.53 cm/a for core B349, of which the petroleum hydrocarbon content ranged from68.31 μg/g to 94.77 μg/g. Two obvious change of petroleum hydrocarbon content may relate with the oil spillage in the initialstage of oil exploitation in 1980 s and with the increased oil discharge accompanied with the economic boom since 1990 s,respectively.

关 键 词：北部湾 石油烃 污染 沉积速率 

分 类 号：P737.1[天文地球—海洋地质]