9-硝基-9-氮杂双环[3.3.1]壬烷-2,6-二醇二硝酸酯的合成与表征  

Synthesis and Characterization of 9-Nitro-9-azabicyclo[3.3.1]nonane-2,6-diyl Dinitrate

作　　者：邵航松 凌亦飞 侯天骄 阮宏伟[1] 王晨娇 罗军[1] 

机构地区：[1]南京理工大学化工学院,江苏南京210094

出　　处：《火炸药学报》2016年第2期64-67,共4页Chinese Journal of Explosives & Propellants

摘　　要：以环辛二烯为原料,经环氧化、胺化成环、硝化等合成了一种新型含能材料9-硝基-9-氮杂双环[3.3.1]壬烷-2,6-二醇二硝酸酯,采用NMR、IR、元素分析对其结构进行了表征;利用热重分析和差示扫描量热法对其热性能进行了分析;利用Kamlet-Jacobs经验公式对其爆轰性能进行了理论计算;研究了硝化反应过程中反应时间、反应温度和物料配比等因素对收率的影响。结果表明,硝酸用量为7倍摩尔当量时,在30℃下反应3h,目标产物收率为83%。9-硝基-9-氮杂双环[3.3.1]壬烷-2,6-二醇二硝酸酯熔点为120℃,起始分解温度为150℃,放热峰温为192℃,表明其具有较好的热稳定性。其爆速、爆压、密度的理论计算值分别为7 580m/s、23.82GPa和1.61g/cm3,有望应用于炸药及推进剂配方中。A new energetic compound 9-nitro-9-azabicyclo[3.3.1]nonane-2,6-diyl dinitrate was synthesized via epoxidation,aminative cyclization and nitration using cycloocta-1,5-diene as raw material.Its structure was characterized by nuclear magnetic resonance spectrometry(NMR),infrared spectrometry(IR)and elementary analysis.Its thermal properties were analyzed by thermogravimetry(TG)and differential scanning calorimetry(DSC).The theoretical calculation of detonation performances was carried out by Kamlet-Jacobs empirical formula.The effects of reaction time,reaction temperature and ratio of substrates in the nitration reaction on the yield were studied.The results show that when the amount of nitric acid is seven-fold molar equivalent and the reaction performs at30℃for 3h,the yield of target product is 83%.The melting point,initial decomposition temperature and decomposition peak temperature of 9-nitro-9-azabicyclo[3.3.1]nonane-2,6-diyl dinitrate are 120℃,150℃ and 192℃respectively,revealing that it has good thermal stability.The calculated values of detonation velocity,detonation pressure and density are 7 580m/s,23.82 GPa,and1.61g/cm3,respectively,which is expected to be applied in explosive and propellant formulations.

关 键 词：有机合成 氮杂双环壬烷 硝胺 硝化 环辛二烯 热稳定性 

分 类 号：TJ55[兵器科学与技术—军事化学与烟火技术] O62[理学—有机化学]