辽宁省6座水源水库富营养化状况的分析与评价  

Evaluation and analysis of eutrophication in 6 domestic water supply reservoirs in Liaoning Province

作　　者：焉鸿启 赵文[2] 郭凯[2] 李文宽 徐锋[2] 蔡志龙[2] 

机构地区：[1]沈阳市水产科学研究所,辽宁沈阳110034 [2]大连海洋大学辽宁省水生生物学重点实验室,辽宁大连116023 [3]辽宁省淡水水产科学研究院,辽宁辽阳111000

出　　处：《大连海洋大学学报》2016年第2期180-184,共5页Journal of Dalian Ocean University

基　　金：辽宁省自然科学基金资助项目(20072140);辽宁省海洋与渔业厅科研项目(200920)

摘　　要：为了解辽宁省主要水源水库的富营养化状况,利用相关加权综合营养状态指数TLI(∑)等方法,研究了辽宁省大伙房水库、汤河水库、碧流河水库、柴河水库、观音阁水库和桓仁水库6座水源水库在2008—2009年期间水体的富营养化状况。结果表明:除碧流河水库外,其他5座水库均达到富营养化状态;按聚类分析,6座水库共分为3类,碧流河水库单独为一类,水质最好,柴河水库单独为一类,富营养化水平较高,水质较差,其余水库为一类,水质状况相对较好;主成分分析显示,对水体富营养化影响较大的水化学因子是氨态氮、硝酸氮、总磷。根据对辽宁省水源水库水质状况的调研结果,作者提出了对辽宁省水源水库水环境有效保护和治理的建议:(1)成立水源地保护组织,对水源水库进行综合治理;(2)禁止网箱养鱼,大力发展保水渔业;(3)规范水利工程,投入人力和物力对水源水库加强生物和化学监测,对潜在的生态风险及时预警或预报;(4)对已发生严重富营养化的水库应考虑采取生态学手段进行生态修复。The eutrophication was evaluated in six domestic water supply reservoirs including Dahuofang, Tanghe, Biliuhe, Chaihe, Guanyinge and Huanren in Liaoning Province during 2008 and 2009 by weighted comprehensive nutrition state index TLI(∑) to understand the trophical status in the reservoirs in Liaoning Province. The results showed that five domestic water supply reservoirs were found under eutrophication except Biliuhe Reservoir. The Cluster analysis revealed that six reservoirs in Liaoning Province were divided into three categories, and the princi-pal component analysis ( PCA) indicated that the levels of NH+4-N, NO-3-N, and total phosphorus ( TP) were the primary impact factors. The reasons for the eutrophication in the reservoirs were discussed, and suggestion on the effective protection of water environment and management was provided, including ( 1 ) establishment of water source protection organization for comprehensive management of water source reservoirs; ( 2 ) Prohibition of cage culture, and full development of water conservation fisheries;(3) regulation of water conservancy project, and re-search on human and material resources to strengthen the chemical and biological monitoring of water source reser-voirs, warning and forecasting of potential ecological risk in time; ( 4 ) ecological restoration measurement being taken in the seriously eutrophic reservoirs.

关 键 词：水源水库 富营养化 相关加权综合营养状态指数TLI(∑) 水质评价 

分 类 号：S932[农业科学—渔业资源]