弹齿滚筒式花生捡拾机构的动态仿真分析  

Dynamic Simulation Analysis of Spring-finger Cylinder Peanut Pickup Mechanism

作　　者：许涛[1] 沈永哲[1] 高连兴[1] 刘志侠[1] 张旭东[2] 吕长义[1] 

机构地区：[1]沈阳农业大学工程学院,沈阳110161 [2]辽宁省农业机械化研究所,沈阳110161

出　　处：《沈阳农业大学学报》2016年第2期192-198,共7页Journal of Shenyang Agricultural University

基　　金：高等学校博士学科点专项科研基金项目(20122103110009);国家自然科学基金项目(51575367)

摘　　要：为了验证所设计弹齿滚筒式花生捡拾机构的合理性,并获得关键机构参数,在ADAMS 环境下建立了该机构仿真模型并对其进行了仿真分析.通过对各个工位弹齿摆角与角速度曲线图的分析,根据弹齿摆角在一个工作循环变化规律和角速度变化特点,认为该捡拾机构可在一个捡拾周期内连续完成捡拾、升举、推送和空回4 个捡拾工位动作,验证所设计的机构参数合理.通过建立齿端轨迹方程,分析得出影响齿端轨迹、速度、加速度变化的主要机构和工作参数.对比匹配不同工作参数机构齿端轨迹,确定该机构捡拾速比范围.对模型进行运动学仿真分析,获得不同工作参数匹配下齿端轨迹和漏捡区域面积的变化规律.在前进速度V 为45m.min-1,转速N 为50r.min-1,离地高度H 为-10mm 工作参数组合下,周向分别安装3,4,5 排弹齿,通过对漏捡区域面积大小变化对比分析得出该机构周向采用4 排弹齿较为合理.通过对花生捡拾性能的试验,结果表明：该机构作业顺畅,在花生植株含水率15%~17%的两段收获条件下,采用相应面分析法与土槽试验,花生植株捡拾率98.9%,掉果损失率2.5%,符合花生收获机质量评价作业规范（NY/T2204-2012）,满足生产要求.In order to validate the rationality of spring -finger cylinder peanut Pickup mechanism and obtain rational keymechanism parameters, pickup mechanism model was built and analyzed by Adams. Pickup mechanism could fulfill fourprocesses of picking, lifting, pulling and null swing in one work cycle by analyzing changes of spring-finger angle and angularvelocity in an operation cycle, which proves mechanism parameters feasible. The mechanism and operation parameters causelocus, velocity, acceleration changing of end of spring-finger was obtained by analyzing end of spring-finger locus equations. Theratio range of pickup forward velocity and cylinder rational velocity were obtained by analyzing locus of the end of spring-fingerat different operation parameters. Change rules of lose areas and the end locus of spring-finger were found by the simulation ofmodel kinematics. Pickup took 4 rows of circumferential direction spring-finger by comparative analyzing lose areas with rows ofcircumferential direction spring-finger, which was under working parameters forward speed at 45m.min-1, cylinder rotating speedat 50r.min-1, height between spring-finger and ground at -10mm. The experiments of prototype working and collecting peanutplants indicated that spring-finger pickup collector worked smoothly. The collecting rate was 98.9% and the loss rate was 2.5%under peanut plant moisture content 15%-17% in two-stage harvest, which meets standard of the national NY∕T2204-2012 andthe need of production.

关 键 词：花生捡拾机构 仿真分析 性能试验 

分 类 号：S225[农业科学—农业机械化工程]