流体穴播成穴器改进设计及试验  

Structural Optimization on Metering Mechanism of Fluid Hill-seeder

作　　者：辛明金[1] 刘苏伟 苏小华 宋玉秋[1] 任文涛[1] 王冰媛 刘兰新 

机构地区：[1]沈阳农业大学工程学院,沈阳110161 [2]沈阳北方重工集团工程设计研究院,沈阳110141

出　　处：《沈阳农业大学学报》2016年第2期241-245,共5页Journal of Shenyang Agricultural University

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(51275319;51305282)

摘　　要：为提高流体穴播的成穴效果,改进设计了流体穴播成穴器,利用拨轮带动拨指机构驱动排种管使其摆动,实现种液零速排放。确定了拨杆的长度、拨指相位差等结构参数;进行了排种管末端速度及摆角分析,建立了排种管末端速度与机器前进速度、传动比等参数的关系模型;对种液离开排种口的水平分速度进行了分析,建立了其与机器前进速度、拨指长度、拨杆实际作用长度以及种液流速等各参数之间的关系模型。通过单因素试验和四因素四水平正交试验,得出各因素的最优组合。研究结果表明:在机器前进速度为1.4m·s-1、拨指长度为12mm、拨杆实际作用长度为90mm、流体速度为2.9m·s-1的情况下,平均穴距为296.3mm,变异系数为6.36%,成穴效果达到了作物穴播生产要求。The metering mechanism of a fluid hill-seeder was optimized to improve the hilling performance of the machine. Apush finger mechanism was employed to drive the metering tube swinging backward to minimize horizontal velocity of the seedout of the discharging outlet, so to meter the gel and seeds at zero horizontal velocity. The structural parameters such as thelength of push finger, the contained angle between fingers were determined. The velocity and swing angle of the metering tubeend were analyzed and the mathematical model of the velocity of the end of the metering tube with forward speed of themachine and the transmission were set up. The horizontal velocity of the seed and gel out of the outlet was analyzed and itsrelationship with the forward speed of the machine, the length and the actual action length of the finger and the fluid velocitywere set up. The optimal combination of the factors was determined based on single factor experiment and orthogonal experimentof four factors with four levels. The experimental results showed that the average hill spacing was 296.3mm, and the coefficientof variation was 6.36% at forward speed of the hill-seeder of 1.4 m.s-1, finger length of 12mm, effective length of finger of90mm and fluid velocity of 2.9 m.s-1. The performance of the machine meets the requirement of hill-drop seeding.

关 键 词：流体穴播 成穴器 结构参数 

分 类 号：S223.2[农业科学—农业机械化工程]