基于NGSIM轨迹数据的换道行为微观特性分析  

Microscopic Characteristics of Lane-Change Maneuvers Based on NGSIM

作　　者：张颖达[1] 邵春福[1] 李慧轩[1] 马雪婧[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京交通大学交通运输学院,北京100044

出　　处：《交通信息与安全》2015年第6期19-24,32,共7页Journal of Transport Information and Safety

基　　金：国家"973"重点基础研究项目(批准号:2012CB725403);国家自然科学基金(批准号:71210001)资助

摘　　要：换道行为在不同的换道意图下可分为自由换道和强制换道两类,选用NGSIM轨迹数据对二者微观特性进行对比分析。为保证数据准确性,在平滑处理基础上,以剔除轨迹数据换道过程识别错误为目的,构建了换道起终点时空约束规则,对完整的单次换道行为参数进行了提取。利用半对数模型,采用回归分析法对影响二者换道时间的显著性因素进行提取并对比;同时建立多项式模型,选取多个误差指标对不同阶数下换道横向移动轨迹拟合效果进行评价。结果表明,强制换道平均换道时间稍长于自由换道,影响二者换道时间的显著性因素及各因素影响程度并不相同;但二者横向移动轨迹均可用5次多项式拟合,拟合优度可达0.99。Under different lane change intention,lane-changing behavior can be divided by their microscopic characteristics into free-flow lane-changing（FLC）and strained lane-changing（SLC）.They are investigated through statistical analysis methods based on NGSIM data in this paper.In order to ensure the accuracy of the data,the parameters for a single lane change behavior are extracted based on a data smoothing process,and spatiotemporal constraint rules,which are developed to eliminate abnormal samples.This paper uses regression analyses to study the significant influence factors of lane-changing durations of FLC and SLC,and develops a semi-logarithmic model to compare them.In addition,apolynomial model is developed to fit the lateral trajectory,and 3 variance indicators are selected to evaluate the optimal fitting order.The results indicate that the mean duration of SLC is slightly longer than FLC.Even though the durations are affected by distinct factors and weights,the lateral trajectories of SLC and FLC can be fitted with similar 5th order of polynomial models,and the goodness of fits are both greater than 0.99.

关 键 词：交通工程 换道行为 微观特性 NGSIM数据提取 多项式轨迹拟合 换道时间 

分 类 号：U491[交通运输工程—交通运输规划与管理] TP391[交通运输工程—道路与铁道工程]