不同剂量的氯解磷定联合阿托品对急性敌敌畏中毒大鼠的治疗效果  

Therapeutic effect of different doses of pralidoxime combined with atropine on acute dichlorvos toxicity in rats

作　　者：高慧[1,2] 孟潇潇[1] 黄朝瑾 王瑞兰[1] 

机构地区：[1]上海交通大学附属第一人民医院急诊危重病科,上海201620 [2]上海交通大学医学院附属新华医院崇明分院急危重症科,上海202150

出　　处：《内科理论与实践》2015年第6期433-438,共6页Journal of Internal Medicine Concepts & Practice

基　　金：上海卫生系统先进适宜技术推广项目(项目编号:2013SY061);上海市市级医院适宜技术项目(项目编号:SHDC12012226);崇明县科学技术发展基金项目(项目编号:CKY2014-09)

摘　　要：目的:探讨不同剂量的氯解磷定联合阿托品对急性敌敌畏中毒大鼠模型的治疗效果。方法 :将204只健康雄性大鼠按照随机数字表法分为对照组(n=12)、染毒组(n=48)、治疗组(n=144)。对照组给予1 mL生理盐水一次性灌胃。染毒组和治疗组按照30 mg/kg敌敌畏一次性灌胃。治疗组在灌胃后立即腹腔注射阿托品15 mg/kg,同时加以30、45、60 mg/kg的氯解磷定腹腔注射。观察动物中毒表现和存活情况,分别于染毒后2、24、48和72 h处死大鼠,取血标本和肺组织。测定血清中乙酰胆碱酯酶(AChE)、丙二醛(MDA)、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)的含量;苏木素-伊红(HE)染色观察肺组织病理变化。结果:与染毒组相比,治疗组大鼠翘尾、流涎、肌束震颤、翻正反射消失发生率明显降低,同时存活率增加,且差异具有统计学意义(均P<0.05);与染毒组相比,治疗组大鼠动脉血中AChE、SOD含量增加,MDA含量明显减少,高剂量的氯解磷定效果更明显(均P<0.05)。HE结果显示,氯解磷定治疗组大鼠肺组织损害减轻,炎细胞减少,且高剂量的氯解磷定效果更显著。结论:氯解磷定联合阿托品对急性敌敌畏中毒大鼠具有治疗作用,且高剂量的氯解磷定效果更加明显。Objective To investigate the effect of different doses of pralidoxime combined with atropine on acute dichlorvos toxicity in rats. Methods Two hundred and four male Sprague-Dauley（SD） rats were randomly divided into control group（n=12）, poisoning group（n=48） and atropine＋pralidoxime treated group（n=144）. Rats in control group were given intragastric infusion of 1 m L normal saline, while those in the poisoning group received intragastric infusion of dichlorvos solution（30 mg/kg）. The rats in pralidoxime＋atropine treated group were first received intragastric infusion of dichlorvos, then followed immediately by intraperitoneal injection of atropine（15 mg/kg） combined with different doses of pralidoxime（30, 45, 60 mg/kg）. The clinical manifestations and survival of rats were observed. The rats were sacrificed by exsanguination 2, 24, 48, 72 h after the administration of dichlorvos. Serum malondialdehyde（MDA）, acetylcholine（ACh E）,superoxide dismutase（SOD） were measured, and paraffin sections of lung tissue were stained with hematoxylin-eosin（HE）and examined pathologically. Results The occurrence rates of tail raising, salivation, intensity of muscular fasciculation,loss of righting reflex were significantly decreased in pralidoxime ＋ atropine treated groups when compared with the poisoning group, and the survival rate was increased. Compared with the poisoning group, levels of serum ACh E, SOD were increased and level of MDA was decreased in atropine ＋ pralidoxime treated groups and was more prominent with high dose pralidoxime. HE staining pathologic examination demonstrated decrease in damage and inflammatory infiltration of lung tissue in atropine ＋ pralidoxime treated groups and was more prominent with high dose pralidoxime. Conclusions Pralidoxime combined with atropine has a therapeutic effect on acute dichlorvos poisoning, and the effect is more promi-nent with high dose pralidoxime.

关 键 词：急性敌敌畏中毒 氯解磷定 阿托品 乙酰胆碱酯酶 

分 类 号：R595.4[医药卫生—内科学]