圆锥型套筒冠义齿和传统可摘义齿修复孤立基牙的三维有限元分析  

Conical telescopic crown denture versus traditional removable denture for restoration of an isolated abutment tooth: a three-dimensional finite element analysis

作　　者：何雨桐[1] 沈玉凤[1] 刘晶[1] 张悦[1] 何惠宇[1] 

机构地区：[1]新疆医科大学第一附属医院口腔修复科,新疆维吾尔自治区乌鲁木齐市830054

出　　处：《中国组织工程研究》2016年第8期1146-1152,共7页Chinese Journal of Tissue Engineering Research

基　　金：新疆维吾尔自治区科技厅支疆项目(201291173);新疆维吾尔自治区科技厅自然科学基金(2014211C037)~~

摘　　要：背景:临床研究表明,圆锥型套筒冠义齿修复少数牙残存牙列缺损的远期效果明显优于传统可摘局部义齿,但目前应用有限元法分析这两种修复方式的研究还较少。目的:比较圆锥型套筒冠义齿和传统可摘义齿修复孤立基牙的应力分布。方法:采用CT扫描获取健康成人下颌骨及牙列的二维图像,通过计算机重建技术分别建立下颌仅保留双侧尖牙的圆锥型套筒冠义齿和传统可摘义齿三维有限元模型,在相同垂直载荷和斜向载荷下,比较两种修复方式的基牙、基牙牙周膜及缺牙区牙槽嵴的最大等效应力。结果与结论:垂直与斜向载荷下,传统可摘义齿组基牙、基牙牙周膜的总体应力均大于圆锥型套筒冠义齿组,且卡环对应处存在明显应力集中;圆锥型套筒冠义齿组缺牙区牙槽嵴的总体应力稍大,但应力分布相对较均匀,应力集中范围小。斜向载荷下,两组基牙、基牙牙周膜、缺牙区牙槽嵴的总体应力均大于垂直载荷下的应力,且在基牙牙周膜舌侧颈部均存在应力集中,但传统可摘义齿的总体应力更大,应力集中范围更广。结果表明,采用圆锥型套筒冠义齿修复孤立尖牙时,其支持组织应力分布相对较均匀,应力集中范围小,更有利于基牙、牙周组织及缺牙区牙槽嵴的健康。BACKGROUND： The conical telescopic crown denture has a better long-term effect on dentition defects of few remaining teeth than the traditional removable denture. However, there are few studies to analyze the application of these two kinds of repair methods using the finite element method. OBJECTIVE： To compare the stress distribution of the isolated abutment tooth repaired using the conical telescopic crown denture and traditional removable denture. METHODS： Two-dimensional images of the mandible and dentition in healthy adults were scanned by CT. Three-dimensional finite element models of conical telescopic crown denture and traditional removable denture were established in the mandible only with the bilateral canines. Under the same vertical and oblique loadings, the maximum equivalent stress of the abutment, periodontal membrane or edentulous alveolar ridge was compared between two repair methods. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION： Under the vertical and oblique loadings, the total stress of abutment and periodontal membrane in the traditional removable denture was higher than that in the conical telescopic crown denture and the stress in the corresponding ring was concentrated obviously; the total stress of edentulous alveolar ridge in the conical telescopic crown denture was slightly larger than that in the traditional removable denture, but the stress was well-distributed and concentrated in a small area. Under the oblique loading, the total stress of abutment, periodontal membrane and edentulous alveolar ridge was higher than that under the vertical loading in these two dentures, and the stress was concentrated in the periodontal membrane of lingual neck, but the total stress in the traditional removable denture was larger, with a wider concentration range. These findings indicate that the stress on the supporting tissue of conical telescopic crown denture is more evenly distributed within a smaller range than that of traditional removable denture, and the former is more fit for the health of abutment, perio

关 键 词：义齿 局部 可摘 牙应力分析 有限元分析 组织工程 生物材料 口腔生物材料 圆锥型套筒冠义齿 传统可摘义齿 应力分布 三维有限元 

分 类 号：R318[医药卫生—生物医学工程]