人工韧带生物材料修复膝关节交叉韧带损伤:问题及前景  

Artificial ligament biomaterials repair cruciate ligament injury of the knee joint: problems and prospects

作　　者：侯立刚[1] 杨建义[1] 

机构地区：[1]郑州大学附属郑州中心医院骨二科,河南省郑州市450007

出　　处：《中国组织工程研究》2016年第8期1196-1202,共7页Chinese Journal of Tissue Engineering Research

摘　　要：背景:相关研究已证实人工韧带的实验结果和短期临床效果令人满意,可尽早恢复膝关节的稳定性,保证运动功能。目的:综述人工韧带的基础与临床研究进展。方法:应用计算机检索万方数据库、中国知网和Pub Med数据库1985至2015年有关人工韧带修复膝关节交叉韧带损伤的文章,检索关键词为"交叉韧带损伤,生物材料,人工韧带,cruciate ligament injuries,Artificial ligament,biological materials"。结果与结论:与自体、异体韧带相比,人工韧带力学性能良好,植入后即刻就可以得到足够的抗拉强度与关节稳定性,确保膝关节交叉韧带重建的作用。人工韧带技术发展经历了碳纤维韧带、聚酯材料人工韧带和支架型人工韧带,LARS人工韧带作为一种新型的聚酯材料人工韧带,表现出了良好的生物相容性,细胞能够在其表面良好地黏附、增殖与分化。然而有关人工韧带的使用也存在争论,其临床远期效果仍待进一步观察,有关人工韧带的材料选择、形态仿生设计、编织工艺和手术技术改进等需要进一步研究。BACKGROUND： Related studies have confirmed that the experimental results and short-term clinical outcomes of artificial ligaments are satisfactory that the artificial ligaments can restore the stability of knee joint as soon as possible and ensure motor function. OBJECTIVE： To summarize the basic and clinical research progress of artificial ligaments. METHODS： The articles regarding artificial ligaments in repair of knee joint cruciate ligament injury were retrieved from Wanfang database, CNKI and Pub Med database during 1985 to 2015 by computer. The keywords were ＂cruciate ligament injuries, artificial ligament, biological materials＂ in Chinese and English, respectively. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION： Compared with autologous and allogenic ligaments, artificial ligament has good mechanical properties, and can get sufficient tensile strength and joint stability immediately after implantation, so as to ensure the cruciate ligament reconstruction of the knee joint. Artificial ligament technology has experienced carbon fiber ligament, polyester material and stent artificial ligaments. As a new type of polyester artificial ligament, LARS artificial ligament shows a good biocompatibility, on which, cells can adhere, proliferate and differentiate well. However, the controversies over the use of artificial ligament still exist, and its long-term clinical effects still need further observation. Further researches regarding the material selection, shape bionic design, weaving and surgical techniques of artificial ligaments are still further needed.

关 键 词：生物相容性材料 韧带 关节 组织工程 生物材料 材料相容性 人工韧带 交叉韧带 膝关节 损伤修复 综述 

分 类 号：R318[医药卫生—生物医学工程]