低频脉冲电磁场治疗骨质疏松的机制及临床应用  

Low-frequency pulsed electromagnetic fields for treatment of osteoporosis

作　　者：赵琳[1] 

机构地区：[1]辽宁省人民医院康复科,辽宁省沈阳市110011

出　　处：《中国组织工程研究》2016年第8期1210-1216,共7页Chinese Journal of Tissue Engineering Research

摘　　要：背景:目前常用的骨质疏松症物理治疗方法主要有低频脉冲电磁场疗法、超短波疗法、体外冲击波疗法等,但体外冲击波疗法的强度剂量问题尚未解决,超声疗法的疗效不确定,因此临床应用最广泛的是低频脉冲电磁场。目的:综述低频脉冲电磁场治疗骨质疏松的机制及临床应用。方法:由第一作者应用计算机检索CNKI数据库及Pub Med数据库,英文检索词"pulsed electromagnetic fields"AND"osteoporosis"或"osteoblast"或"osteoclast";中文检索词"骨质疏松;脉冲电磁场;成骨细胞;破骨细胞"。检索得到169篇中英文文献,纳入符合标准、真实可信、观点明确、相关度高的文献29篇进行分析。结果与结论:脉冲电磁场作为一种非药物疗法,具有无创伤、无感染、操作简单、费用低廉、可长期使用、安全性好等优势,其疗效已经获得越来越多研究者和临床工作者的肯定。脉冲电磁场能够促进DNA的合成,影响成骨细胞的增殖及分化,增加破骨细胞凋亡,且其效果存在一定的窗口效应。脉冲电磁场能够有效缓解骨质疏松患者的疼痛并提高其骨密度水平,与药物联用能增加其疗效,在临床有广泛的应用前景。BACKGROUND： The most commonly used physiotherapies for osteoporosis include low-frequency pulsed electromagnetic field, ultrashort wave therapy, and extracorporeal shock wave therapy. Because of the uncertain intensity of extracorporeal shock wave and uncertain efficacy of ultrasound therapy, low-frequency pulsed electromagnetic fields have become the most widely used treatment for osteoporosis in clinic. OBJECTIVE： To review the mechanism and clinical application of low-frequency pulsed electromagnetic fields in the treatment of osteoporosis. METHODS： A computer search by the first author of Pub Med and CNKI databases was performed for relevant articles using the keywords of ＂pulsed electromagnetic fields and osteoporosis＂ or ＂osteoblast or osteoclast＂ in English and ＂osteoporosis; pulsed pulsed electromagnetic fields; osteoblasts; osteoclasts＂ in Chinese, respectively. After initial search, there were 169 articles, and according to the inclusion criteria, 29 highly relevant articles that are authentic and have clear views were analyzed. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION： The pulsed electromagnetic field as a non-drug therapy is characterized by no trauma, no infection, simple operation, low cost, long-term use, and good safety. Its efficacy has been increasingly affirmed by researchers and clinicians. Pulsed electromagnetic fields can promote the synthesis of DNA, influence the proliferation and differentiation of osteoblasts, increase the apoptosis of osteoclasts, and have a certain window effect. Pulsed electromagnetic fields can effectively relieve pain and increase bone density level in patients with osteoporosis, which can increase its efficacy in combination with other drugs and have a wide range of clinical applications.

关 键 词：电磁场 骨质疏松 疼痛 骨密度 生物材料 组织工程 脉冲电磁场 成骨细胞 破骨细胞 机制 

分 类 号：R318[医药卫生—生物医学工程]