油藏开发生产优化近似扰动梯度升级算法  

Reservoir production optimization using an upgraded perturbation gradient approximation algorithm

作　　者：赵辉[1] 唐乙玮 康志江 张贤松 尚根华 

机构地区：[1]长江大学石油工程学院,湖北武汉430100 [2]中石化勘探开发研究院,北京100728 [3]中海油研究总院,北京100027

出　　处：《中国石油大学学报（自然科学版）》2016年第2期99-104,共6页Journal of China University of Petroleum(Edition of Natural Science)

基　　金：国家科技重大专项(2016ZX05014003);国家自然科学基金项目(51344003)

摘　　要：油藏开发生产优化属于高维系统最优控制问题,求解其真实梯度异常困难。给出一种近似扰动梯度的一般式,证明此近似梯度恒为上山方向,且两种常用的无梯度算法SPSA与En Opt产生的近似梯度分别是该梯度的两种特殊形式;通过引入并优化三角阵进行近似扰动梯度升级,实现其对真实梯度的最优逼近。数值试验结果表明:该升级算法相比标准的SPSA算法优化效率提高了近1倍;在历史拟合基础上使用该算法进行了某实际油藏生产优化,所得注采控制方案降水增油预测效果显著、水驱波及效率明显改善,验证了该算法现场应用的可行性。Reservoir production optimization is a high-dimensional optimal control problem, and it is very difficult to obtain a true gradient. In this paper, a general perturbation gradient approximation method was presented, and the gradient resolved was always in uphill direction. The commonly used SPSA and EnOpt algorithms, being derivative-free, can be considered as special cases of the general perturbation gradient approximation. The perturbation gradient approximation can be upgraded by introducing an optimized lower triangular matrix for approaching to the true gradient. The numerical simulation results show that, compared with the standard SPSA algorithm, the optimization efficiency of the upgraded algorithm can be increased nearly 100%. In a real case study, the reservoir production optimization was conducted using the new method on the basis of history matching. The field data have shown remarkable increase on oil production and decrease of water production, and the sweeping efficiency of water flooding is significantly improved, which validates the feasibility of the algorithm for practical ap-plications.

关 键 词：油藏 生产优化 近似梯度 无梯度算法 SPSA算法 EnOpt算法 

分 类 号：TE323[石油与天然气工程—油气田开发工程]