低透气性煤层定向水力压裂增透技术  

Permeability improvement technology of directional hydraulic fracturing in low permeability coalseam

作　　者：陈学习[1] 徐永[1] 金文广[1] 毕瑞卿 

机构地区：[1]华北科技学院安全工程学院,北京东燕郊101601

出　　处：《辽宁工程技术大学学报（自然科学版）》2016年第2期124-128,共5页Journal of Liaoning Technical University (Natural Science)

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(NO:51574124);教育部新世纪优秀人才支持计划基金项目(NCET-11-0837);中央高校基本科研业务基金项目(3142015020)

摘　　要：针对常规压裂易造成煤体卸压盲区、煤层整体卸压增透效果不理想等存在的问题,采用理论分析、数值模拟与现场实验相结合的方法,分析定向水力压裂作用机理,探讨了定向孔布置、压裂孔密封、煤体最小起裂压力等工艺技术与参数,对比分析定向与非定向压裂的裂隙扩展与贯通规律,验证了定向孔的导向、控制和卸压作用.现场对比试验发现,定向压裂后煤层瓦斯平均抽采浓度和平均抽采纯量分别是普通压裂孔的2.2倍和2.12倍.研究结果表明:定向水力压裂增透效果明显,具有良好的推广应用价值.Targeting the problems such as conventional hydraulic fracture usually leading to roof-floor blind area and the ineffectiveness of pressure relief and increase of the permeability of whole coal seam, this paper adopted the methods of theory analysis, numerical simulation and field experiment, analyzed the mechanism of directional hydraulic fracturing, and discussed the parameters such as the layout of directional hole, the fracturing hole sealing, and the minimum cracking pressure. The law of crack propagation and perforation of the directional with non-directional hydraulic fracturing was compared. The effect of directional hole guide, control and pressure relief was verified. Field contrast test finds that the gas drainage average concentration and average drainage scalar n directional fracturing is respectively 2.2 times and 2.12 times the number of ordinary fracturing. The research results show that the directional hydraulic fracturing have obvious effect on increase permeability, which can be recommended for extensive application.

关 键 词：低透煤层 定向水力压裂 裂隙扩展 增透技术 瓦斯抽采 

分 类 号：X936[环境科学与工程—安全科学]