氮对土壤中精甲霜灵残留量及其微生物的影响  

Effect of Nitrogen on Metalaxyl-M Residues and Microorganism in the Soils

作　　者：杨艳梅[1,2] 郑毅[2] 范茂攀[3] 丁凯[3] 

机构地区：[1]云南云天化国际农业生产资料有限公司,云南昆明650051 [2]西南林业大学林学院,云南昆明650224 [3]云南农业大学资源与环境学院,云南昆明650201

出　　处：《西南林业大学学报（自然科学）》2016年第2期35-41,55,共8页Journal of Southwest Forestry University：Natural Sciences

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(31260504;31460551;31210103906)资助;国家"973"计划项目(2011CB100405)资助;农业部公益性行业科研专项课题项目(201103003)资助

摘　　要：为了解氮素的存在对进入红壤中精甲霜灵残留的影响,本研究通过室内培养和盆栽试验,设定了N_0、N_(1/2)、N、N_(3/2)分别为0.0、37.5、75.0、112.5 mg/kg 4个氮肥水平,添加8.1 mg/kg的精甲霜灵溶液,并采用甲醇浸提土壤中精甲霜灵,FID气相色谱法检测,研究了土壤中残留精甲霜灵的降解情况。结果表明:精甲霜灵在土壤中的降解存在吸附-解吸的现象,且消解动态符合一级动力学方程;在4个不同氮水平中,75.0 mg/kg水平下精甲霜灵在红壤中的降解最快;微生物数量在施精甲霜灵后2 h^7 d都急剧减少,在第7天后开始增加。不同氮水平下土壤中微生物数量最终呈现出N>N_(3/2)>N_(1/2)>N_0的趋势,N、N_(3/2)水平与其他水平间的差异均达显著程度,而N和N_(3/2)水平间差异不显著。施药后17 d,微生物数量开始恢复,氮素和残留的精甲霜灵都成了微生物的能源物质,促进了微生物的生长和繁殖。In order to find out the effect of nitrogen on the metalaxyl-M residue in the krasnozem, the nitrogen fertilizer levels of No,N1/2,N and N3/2 were separately set for 0. 0 mg/kg,37.5 mg/kg,75.0 mg/kg and 112.5 mg/kg and 8.1 mg/kg of metalaxyl-M were added in the incubation experiment and the pot experiment, and the metalaxyl-M residue were extracted by methanol, then were detected by gas chromatography with FID to research the degradation of metalaxyl-M in krasnozem under four different nitrogen levels. The results showed that metalaxyl- M residues were degraded with a process of adsorption-desorption in soil, and the dissipation dynamics could be de- scribed by first-order rate equation. The degradation speed rate of metalaxyl-M under nitrogen fertilizer levels of 75.0 mg/kg was the fastest among four different nitrogen fertilizer levels. The amount of soil microorganisms also rapidly reduced after the metalaxyl-M treatment during the 2h -Td, and returned at the Th day. The microbe quan- tity in different nitrogen levels was N 〉 N3/2 〉 N1/2 〉 No;besides, it was significant among N,N3/2 level and others, but not significant between N and N3/2. Microbe quantity began to recover after 17 days. It suggested that both nitro- gen and metalaxyl-M residue were energy substance for microorganisms, promoting their growth and propagation.

关 键 词：氮 精甲霜灵 降解 红壤 微生物 残留量 

分 类 号：S714.8[农业科学—林学]