不同类型环境规制对企业技术创新影响比较研究  

Comparative Study on Impacts of Different Types of Environmental Regulation on Enterprise Technological Innovation

作　　者：张平[1] 张鹏鹏[1] 蔡国庆[1] 

机构地区：[1]武汉大学经济与管理学院,湖北武汉430072

出　　处：《中国人口·资源与环境》2016年第4期8-13,共6页China Population,Resources and Environment

基　　金：教育部人文社会科学研究项目"低碳技术创新与产业政策保障研究"(编号:10YIA790249);中国地质大学(武汉)资源环境经济研究中心开放基金项目"我国能源发展模式研究"(编号:2011A001)

摘　　要：波特假说提出后,引发了大量关于环境规制对企业技术创新影响的实证研究,但是少有文献提及不同类型环境规制对企业技术创新的影响,且较少涉及环境规制对企业技术创新的非线性作用。本文基于费用型环境规制与投资型环境规制两种类型,利用我国30个省份在2003-2012年间的面板数据,实证研究了不同类型环境规制对企业技术创新的影响。研究结果表明,费用型环境规制对企业技术创新产生了显著的"挤出效应",排污费的征收增加了企业的生产成本,但是并不能促进企业进行技术创新;投资型环境规制总体上对企业技术创新产生了"激励效应",这在一定程度上支持了"波特假说"。投资型环境规制通过降低企业技术创新的风险,增强企业的信心和预期水平,提升了企业的竞争力。在三类环境投资中,城市环境基础设施建设投资对企业技术创新的促进作用最为显著;建设项目"三同时"环保投资对技术创新的正向作用难以确定;而工业污染源治理投资则在一定程度上抑制了企业的技术创新。门限回归分析表明,费用型环境规制与投资型环境规制均存在门限效应,即环境规制程度的不同,对技术创新的影响也有所差异。因此,在制定环境规制政策时,要考虑不同环境规制政策的效果差异,有所侧重地制定和实施环境规制政策。Since the Potter hypothesis has proposed,the topic of how environmental regulation affecting enterprise technological innovation attracts numbers of scholars＇ interests. However,there are few documents talking about the different influence on enterprise technological innovation that comes from different type of environmental regulation,also less involved in the nonlinear effect of environmental regulation on enterprise technological innovation. By dividing the environmental regulation into two types： expenditurestyle and investment-style environmental regulation,this paper has done empirical research on their impacts on enterprise technological innovation by the panel data of 30 provinces in China from 2003 to 2012. The results show that expenditure-style environmental regulation has an obvious crowding-out effect on enterprise technological innovation. The collection of sewage charges increases the production cost of the enterprise,but can＇t promote technological innovation. Investment-style environmental regulation has incentive effects on technological innovation overall,which confirms the Porter hypothesis to some extent. It reduces the risk of technological innovation,enhances the enterprise＇s confidence and expectations,and thus improves the competitiveness of the enterprise. Among the three kinds of environmental investment,urban environmental infrastructure investment has a most prominent effect on promoting enterprise technological innovation,and it is hard to define whether environmental investments in three simultaneousness of construction projects play a positive role in enterprise technological innovation,besides,to a certain degree,investments in the treatment of industrial pollution hinder enterprise technological innovation. Threshold regression analysis manifests that both expenditure-style and investment-style environmental regulation have a threshold effect,that is to say,various levels of environmental regulation lead to discrepant impacts on technological innovation. Hence,when formul

关 键 词：费用型环境规制 投资型环境规制 企业技术创新 门限效应 

分 类 号：F062.9[经济管理—政治经济学]