农业生产污染对经济增长绩效的影响程度研究——基于环境全要素生产率的分析  

How much does the Agricultural Pollution Affect Economic Growth Performance?——An Analysis Based on the Environmental Total Factor Productivity

作　　者：叶初升[1,2] 惠利[2] 

机构地区：[1]武汉大学经济发展研究中心,湖北武汉430072 [2]武汉大学经济与管理学院,湖北武汉430072

出　　处：《中国人口·资源与环境》2016年第4期116-125,共10页China Population,Resources and Environment

基　　金：教育部人文社会科学重点研究基地重大项目"当代发展经济学前沿理论跟踪研究"(编号:13JJD790020);国家社科基金后期资助项目"贫困与发展:以穷人为中心的发展经济学微观分析"(编号:12FJL012)

摘　　要：本文在使用单元调查评估法对中国农业污染物排放量进行核算的基础上,结合SBM模型、方向性距离函数和GML指数,对1995-2013年中国农业生产效率和全要素生产率进行测算,考察农业生产污染对农业经济增长绩效的影响。结果表明:1不考虑污染因素的农业经济增长核算方法忽略了农业生产污染造成的损失,导致农业全要素生产率被高估近一倍;2投入冗余和污染过度是农业生产无效率的主要来源,且后者对其影响更为明显;3中国农业生产率增长主要来自技术进步,技术效率对其促进作用有限;4考虑污染成本与否会对各地经济增长绩效评价产生较大影响,忽略污染因素可能导致政策偏误。Adopting the unit investigation and evaluation approach to evaluate the agricultural pollution in China,this paper aims to employ SBM model,directional distance function,and Global Malmquist-Luenberger productivity index to measure the agricultural production efficiency and total factor productivity growth in China over the period from 1995 to 2013,and explore the influence of agricultural pollution on agricultural economic growth performance. The main findings are as follows： 1 The losses caused by agricultural production pollution will be ignored regardless of the environmental factors,as a result,the average TFP is overestimated nearly twice. 2Input redundancy and excessive pollution are the main causes of agricultural production inefficiency,and the influence of the latter is even more apparent. 3The agricultural environmental technological progress has made great contributions to the total factor productivity growth,while the environmental technological efficiency has not played an important role. 4It will have a significant effect on the evaluation of agricultural economic growth performance whether to consider the cost of environmental pollution,and ignoring the pollution factors may lead to policy deviation.

关 键 词：环境全要素生产率 农业污染 非合意产出 SBM 

分 类 号：F205[经济管理—国民经济]