后备母猪初情日龄、发情次数和初配日龄与繁殖性能的关系  

The Puberty, Heat Times and First Mating Time on the Relationship between Gilt's Reproductive Performance

作　　者：陈志林[1] 吴德铭[1] 钟淑琴[1] 刘文敏[1] 龚朋飞[1] 张守全[2] 

机构地区：[1]广东温氏食品集团股份有限公司、国家生猪种业工程技术研究中心,广东云浮527400 [2]华南农业大学动物科学学院、广东省农业动物基因组学与分子育种重点实验室,广东广州510642

出　　处：《养猪》2016年第2期41-43,共3页Swine Production

摘　　要：以长大二元杂后备母猪为研究对象,应用SPSS 19.0软件的单因素方差分析对8 875头后备母猪的前3胎数据进行分析,以探索初情日龄、初配前发情次数和初配日龄与繁殖性能的关系。研究结果表明,后备母猪初情日龄早于195 d的,其前3胎窝产总仔数分别为12.30头、12.13头和12.86头,为各组中的最高;初配前有3次或以上情期的,其前3胎窝产健仔数分别为10.57头、10.59头和11.10头,均极显著高于仅有1次发情期的（P〈0.01）,但与有2次发情期的差异不显著（P〉0.05）;后备母猪初配日龄分别为225~255 d、255~270 d和270~285 d的,其第1胎窝产健仔数依次为10.47头、10.48头和10.50头,均极显著高于初配日龄大于285 d的（P〈0.01）。因此,长大二元杂后备母猪初情日龄应控制在195 d前,初次配种日龄在225~285 d内,并有2次或以上情期经历为适宜。The One-Way ANOVA of SPSS 19.0 software was used to mine and analyze the first 3 litters of8 875 Landrace-Yorkshire hybrid gilts for studying the puberty, heat times and first mating time on the relationship between gilts reproductive performance. This study results had the following： First of all, when the puberty was earlier than 195 days, the litter size in the first 3 litters was the highest, which was 12.30, 12.13 and 12.86,respectively. Secondly, with 3 or more heat times before the first mating, the litter of qualified piglets in the first3 litters was 10.57, 10.59 and 11.10. These parameters were not significantly different than those of having 2heats（P〉0.05）, but were significantly better than those of having only 1 heat（P〈0.01）. Thirdly, if the first mate age was in 225~255 d, 255~270 d and 270~285 d, the litter of qualified piglets in the first delivery respectivelywas 10.47, 10.48 and 10.50. These output were significantly better than those of mating more than 285 days（P〈0.01）.Comprehensive above, the puberty of Landrace-Yorkshire hybrid gilts should be controlled earlier than195 days, and the suitable first mate age is in 225~285 d with 2 or more heat times.

关 键 词：后备母猪 初情日龄 初配日龄 发情次数 

分 类 号：S828[农业科学—畜牧学]