冬季南海南部微微型浮游植物分布及其影响因素  

Wintertime picophytoplankton distribution and its driving factors in the southern South China Sea

作　　者：王军星[1,2] 谭烨辉[1] 黄良民[1] 柯志新[1] 周林滨[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院热带海洋生物资源与生态重点实验室中国科学院南海海洋研究所,广州510301 [2]中国科学院大学,北京100049

出　　处：《生态学报》2016年第6期1698-1710,共13页Acta Ecologica Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(41276162;41130855);中国科学院战略先导专项A(XDA11020200;XDA11020202)

摘　　要：于2011年11月28日至2012年1月12日调查了南海南部113°E断面(5—13°N)微微型浮游植物的空间分布,并分析了其分布与环境因子的关系。结果表明,调查海域原绿球藻,聚球藻和微微真核生物所有站位水柱丰度的均值分别为(1.71±0.47)×104、(1.50±0.72)×103和(1.30±0.50)×102个/m L,原绿球藻比聚球藻和微微型真核生物分别高1和2个数量级。原绿球藻主要分布在100m以浅,聚球藻主要分布在75m以浅且在25m丰度最高,而微微型真核生物主要分布在100m以浅,在25—75m内丰度最高,与叶绿素a浓度次表层最大值层相吻合。在9—11°N之间,原绿球藻和聚球藻最大值层上移且其最大值显著低于周围水体最大值;而在11—13°N之间,微微型真核生物出现次表层最大值,丰度明显高于周围水体最大值,这可能分别与调查期间采样区域中尺度冷涡上升流和中尺度暖涡下降流引起的水体运动有关。结果还显示,在深海寡营养站位,原绿球藻、聚球藻和微微型真核生物的碳生物量分别占微微型生物总碳生物量的(59.16±13.74)%、(23.86±10.83)%和(16.97±5.51)%,表明原绿球藻在光合微微型生物中占绝对优势。此外,相关性分析结果表明,聚球藻丰度与水体温度呈显著正相关,与盐度呈显著负相关;微微型真核生物与硝酸盐和磷酸盐浓度呈显著负相关。Picophytoplankton（0. 2—3. 0 μm）,composed of prokaryotes such as Synechococcus（ Syn）,Prochlorococcus（Pro）,and picoeukaryotes（Picoeuk）,are distributed ubiquitously in all types of waters of varying trophic states. Among picophytoplankton,Syn is ubiquitous in both oligo- and meso-trophic oceanic and coastal areas; Pro has been found to be more abundant in oligotrophic waters than in eutrophic waters; Picoeuk are generally less abundant,although they can be large contributors to biomass and production. Picophytoplankton assemblages are the major contributors to primary production and organic carbon,and form the base of complex microbial food webs. The small picophytoplankton have a competitive growth advantage,especially in oligotrophic waters,because of their higher surface to volume ratios. In recent years,picophytoplankton in the southern South China Sea（ SCS） have received increasing attention,as they account for the majority of primary productivity in this water. The picophytoplankton in SCS open areas are dominated by Pro,Syn,and Picoeuk. The majority of studies of picophytoplankton dynamics in the SCS have been biological investigations investigatingchlorophyll a（ Chl a）,phytoplankton productivity,blooms,and community structure; however,information about the distribution of the picophytoplankton community and its driving factors,especially mesoscale eddy,are relatively scarce. In this study,we investigated the wintertime spatial distribution of picophytoplankton groups along the 113 °E meridian in the southern SCS in 2011 using flow cytometry,and discussed the relationship between picophytoplankton distribution and environmental factors. The results showed that the depth-integrated abundances of Pro,Syn,and Picoeuk were（1. 71 ±0. 47） × 104,（1. 50 ± 0. 72） × 103and（1. 30 ± 0. 50） × 102 cells / m L,and Pro abundance was 1 and 2 orders of magnitude higher than Syn and Picoeuk,respectively. Three types of picophytoplankton showed different distribution patterns,Pro dom

关 键 词：南海南部 微微型浮游植物 碳生物量 中尺度涡 

分 类 号：Q948.8[生物学—植物学]