蒸发法处理不同填埋龄垃圾渗滤液中的有机物  

Treatment of organic matter in landfill leachates at various ages via evaporation

作　　者：李济源[1] 程振杰[2] 张明[1] 曹文平[3] 

机构地区：[1]安徽工程大学建筑工程学院,芜湖241000 [2]建业住宅集团(中国)有限公司,郑州450000 [3]徐州工程学院环境工程学院,徐州221008

出　　处：《环境工程学报》2016年第4期1777-1782,共6页Chinese Journal of Environmental Engineering

基　　金：安徽工程大学青年科研基金项目(2013YQ39);安徽高校省级自然科学研究项目(KJ2012B016);江苏省"青蓝工程"优秀青年骨干教师项目(苏教师[2012]39号)

摘　　要：采用蒸发浓缩法处理早期、中期和晚期垃圾渗滤液,研究渗滤液的COD和TOC的蒸发规律,并对不同填埋龄渗滤液及蒸发分离出的冷凝液进行三维荧光特性分析。结果显示,垃圾渗滤液中蒸发前段COD和TOC的蒸发量较大、蒸发中段大幅度降低、蒸发后段又略有升高,冷凝液中COD和TOC呈一定的正相关性(相关系数R=0.999 9);渗滤液DOM组分随填埋时间的推移发生显著变化,易生物降解的色氨酸类物质和与微生物代谢有关的溶解性微生物副产物逐渐转化为大分子、难降解的富里酸类和胡敏酸类物质;随着蒸发过程的进行,色氨酸类物质与溶解性微生物副产物逐渐进入冷凝液,而富里酸类和胡敏酸类物质均不会进入冷凝液,起到明显的分离作用。由此可见,早期垃圾渗滤液主要为小分子类有机物,不适合用蒸发法处理,对主要为大分子、难降解类物质的中晚期垃圾渗滤液较适合采用蒸发法处理。An evaporation concentration method was applied to treat landfill leachates at their early,middle,and late stages. The COD and TOC evaporation rates were investigated,and a three-dimensional fluorescence spectrum was used to analyze differently aged landfill leachate containing different condensate liquids. The results indicated that the volatilization of COD and TOC from landfill leachates was highest in the early evaporation stage,greatly reduced in the middle evaporation stage,and slightly raised in the last evaporation stage,and that COD was positively related to TOC（ correlation coefficient was 0. 999 9）. The DOM of landfill leachates changed considerably with the age of the landfill： tryptophan and dissolved microorganism by-products that were related to microbial metabolism and had simple molecular structures changed into humic acid and fulvic acid materials with complex molecular structures. As evaporation proceeded,only minor amounts of tryptophan and dissolved microorganism by-products,and no humic acid and fulvic acid materials were found in the condensate liquid. Thus,the two materials can be easily separated. The results showed that the evaporation concentration method is not suitable for treating early stage landfill leachates due to their small molecule organic matter content. Instead,the method can treat middle and older landfill leachates that contain materials with complex molecular structures.

关 键 词：垃圾渗滤液 蒸发冷凝液 直接蒸发 蒸发浓缩液 三维荧光光谱 

分 类 号：X703[环境科学与工程—环境工程]