玉米秸秆滤料对猪粪发酵沼液过滤效果  

Effect of corn stalk for filtrating biogas slurry fermented from swine manure

作　　者：张智烨[1] 李国学[1] 袁京[1] 孙巧萍[1] 罗渊[1] 张地方 

机构地区：[1]中国农业大学资源与环境学院,北京100193

出　　处：《环境工程学报》2016年第4期1985-1992,共8页Chinese Journal of Environmental Engineering

基　　金："十二五"国家科技支撑计划循环农业项目(2012BAD14B01;2012BAD14B16);国家自然科学基金资助项目(41275161)

摘　　要：悬浮物含量高是沼液在使用滴灌或膜浓缩处理过程中最主要的技术障碍,因此,如何去除其中的悬浮物是保证沼液能否更好后续资源化利用的关键。为了探索玉米秸秆作为一种预过滤材料对猪粪发酵沼液的过滤效果,通过将玉米秸秆按不同粒径、不同填充方式进行装柱,测定过滤前后液体的悬浮物（SS）、p H值、电导率（E_C）、化学需氧量（COD）、总氮（total nitrogen,TN）、总磷（TP）、总钾（TK）等指标的变化,比较玉米秸秆在不同装填方式下的综合过滤能力。滤柱的运行条件设置为：内径10 cm,装填高度85 cm,沼液进水流量5 L/h。结果表明,上粗下细玉米秸秆自然堆放（JG50＋JG20）在单周期总运行时间、单周期总处理水量以及悬浮物（SS）的去除方面均有较好的表现,其中,单周期总运行时间可达到10～14h,单周期总处理水量为56.65 L,SS去除率可达到60%以上,COD去除率在50%左右。沼液中的氮素主要分布在液相中,过滤后TN的去除率约为10%～15%。玉米秸秆作为过滤材料,在过滤过程中沼液可将其中的K＋浸提溶出,提高滤出液的养分含量,且滤出液K＋与EC具有高度相关性,相关系数〉0.8。该实验验证了玉米秸秆作为沼液预过滤材料的可行性,并为后续进行精密过滤、组合过滤提供了参考。High concentrations of suspended solids have made it difficult to concentrate biogas slurry using selectively permeable membranes. As a result,removing suspended solids from biogas slurry is the key factor affecting its efficient utilization. This paper focuses on the filtration effects of biogas slurry fermented from swine manure when using corn stalk as a filter material. Volcanic rocks were set as the control filtration material,and the corn stalk was packed into the filtration column using different filling methods and at various particle sizes.The operating conditions for the filtration column were as follows： inner diameter was 10 cm,height of the filtration material was 85 cm,and the rate of inflow was 5 L / h. An experiment was conducted to investigate the filtration ability of corn stalk when different filling methods. This was achieved by monitoring the change in suspended solids,p H,electrical conductivity,COD,TN,TP,and TK of the effluent. The results showed that,in terms of the operating time for each cycle,treatment capacity,and removal efficiency of SS,the upper large particle size corn stalk and the lower fine particle size corn stalk with natural stacking（ JG50 ＋ JG20） performed best. The operating time for each cycle could be as low as 10 to 14 h,treatment capacity could reach 56. 65 L,the removal efficiency of SS was above 60%,and the removal efficiency of COD was about 50%. The N element in the biogas slurry was distributed in the liquid phase,and the removal efficiency of TN ranged from 10% to 15%. The correlation coefficients were greater than 0. 8. Above all,the experimental results proved that filtering biogas slurry with corn stalk was a feasible approach,and these results provide a basis for combined filtration.

关 键 词：沼液 玉米秸秆 火山岩 粒径 过滤 

分 类 号：X712[环境科学与工程—环境工程]