青中年人群猝死与低钾血症的相关性分析  

Analysis of correlation between hypokalemia and sudden death in young and middle-aged people

作　　者：何崇辉[1] 张有猛[1] 邵斌[1] 曹玲[1] 陈亚想[1] 林小聪[1] 肖应林[1] 

机构地区：[1]深圳市龙华新区中心医院广东医学院附属观澜医院全科医学科,518110

出　　处：《中国医师进修杂志》2016年第4期333-336,共4页Chinese Journal of Postgraduates of Medicine

摘　　要：目的探讨青中年人群猝死与低钾血症的相关性。方法选择接受治疗时发生猝死的青中年患者129例（观察组）。再随机选取同期进行健康体检的志愿者100例（对照组）。对比两组心血管疾病以及低钾血症发生率、钾摄入量。结果观察组高血压、心律失常、心肌梗死、心力衰竭及低钾血症发生率显著高于对照组[17．05％（22／129）比5．oo％（5／lOO）、13．18％（17／129）比2．00％（2／100）、26．36％（34／129）比9．00％（9／100）、9.30％（12／129）比l.00％（1／100）、55．04％（71／129）比12．00％（12／100）]，差异有统计学意义（P〈0．01）；观察组钾摄入量高、一般、低的比例分别为1．55％（2／129）、27．91％（36／129）、70．54％（91／129），对照组分别为15．00％（15／100）、58．00％（58／100）、27．00％（27，l00），差异有统计学意义（P〈0．01）。Logistic回归分析表明，高血压、心律失常、心肌梗死、心力衰竭、低钾血症以及钾低量摄入为猝死的危险因素（P〈0．01）。低钾血症者高血压、心律失常、心肌梗死及心力衰竭发生率均高于血钾正常者[28．92％（24／83）比2．05％（3／146）、19．28％（16／83）比2．05％（3／146）、44．58％（37／83）比4．11％（6／146）、13．25％（11／83）比1.37％（2／146）]，差异有统计学意义（P〈0．01）。钾摄入量低者低钾血症发生率显著高于钾摄入量高、一般者[56．78％（67／118）比2／17、14．89％（14／94）]，差异有统计学意义（P〈0．01）。结论青中年人群中发生猝死与低钾血症存在较大的相关性，临床上可以根据血钾水平对猝死做出预防措施。人们在日常生活中应注重钾的摄取，降低猝死的发生率。Objective To explore the correlation between hypokalemia and sudden death in young and middle-aged people. Methods One hundred and twenty-nine young and middle-aged patients with sudden death during treatment were selected as observation group. Then 100 cases of healthy volunteers were randomly selected as control group. The incidence of cardiovascular disease, incidence of hypokalemia and intake of potassium were compared between 2 groups. Results The incidences of hypertension, arrhythmia, myocardial infarction, heart failure and hypokalemia in observation group were significantly higher than those in control group： 17.05% （22/129） vs. 5.00% （5/100）, 13.18% （17/129） vs. 2.00% （2/100）, 26.36% （34/129） vs. 9.00% （9/100）, 9.30% （12/129） vs. 1.00% （1/100） and 55.04% （71/129） vs. 12.00% （12/100）, and there were statistical differences （P 〈 0.01）. The ratios of higher, common, lower intake of potassium in observation group were 1.55% （2/129）, 27.91% （36/129） and 70.54%（91/129）, in control group were 15.00% （15/100）, 58.00% （58/100） and 27.00% （27/100）, and there was statistical difference （P〈0.01）. Logistic regression analysis result showed that hypertension, arrhythmia, myocardial infarction, heart failure, hypokalemia and lower intake of potassium were the risk factor for sudden death （P 〈 0.01）. The incidences of hypertension, arrhythmia, myocardial infarction and heart failure in hypokalemia patients were significantly higher than those in normokalemia patients： 28.92% （24/83） vs. 2.05% （3/146）, 19.28% （16/83） vs. 2.05% （3/146）, 44.58% （37/83） vs. 4.11% （6/146） and 13.25% （11/83） vs. 1.37% （2/146）, and there were statistical differences （P〈0.01）. The incidence of hypokalemia in people with lower intake of potassium was significantly higher than that in people with higher and common intake of potassium： 56.78% （67/118） vs. 2/17 and 14.89% （14/94）, and there was statistical differe

关 键 词：猝死 低钾血症 心血管疾病 青中年人群 

分 类 号：R591.1[医药卫生—内科学]