长江宜宾段水质时空分布特性分析  

Temporal and Spatial Distribution Characteristics of Water Quality in Yibin Section of the Yangtze River

作　　者：龚清莲 刘颖[1] 汤冰冰[1] 

机构地区：[1]西南交通大学地球科学与环境工程学院,四川成都610000

出　　处：《环境科学与技术》2016年第3期111-116,共6页Environmental Science & Technology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(51209178):基于贝叶斯方法的流域突发污染时未知性事故源应急搜索研究

摘　　要：依据长江宜宾段出入境监测断面2004年、2008年和2012年的水质监测数据,分析了该江段的综合水质、主要污染因子及水质时空分布特性。选取高锰酸盐指数、氨氮、石油类、TN、TP和粪大肠菌群6个水质指标,通过综合污染指数法对水质进行综合评价得出:该江段2008年水质清洁,2004年和2012年水质轻污染。选取p H值、DO、高锰酸盐指数、氨氮、石油类、TN、TP和粪大肠菌群8个水质指标,利用SPSS17.0软件和主成分分析方法对该江段的主要污染因子和水质时空分布特性进行分析得出:主成分分析将8个水质指标概括为4个主成分;水质年内变化特点为夏季水质最差,其它季节较夏季水质更好;水质年际变化为2008年的水质优于2012年的水质,2012年的水质优于2004年的水质;挂弓山断面的水质优于井口断面的水质。The comprehensive water quality, the main pollution factors and the temporal and spatial distribution characteristics of Yibin Reach of the Yangtze River were analyzed based on water monitoring data in the year of 2004,2008 and 2012. With 6 parameters such as CODMn,ammonia nitrogen,petroleum,TN,TP and fecal coliform selected,comprehensive pollution index method of water quality was used to evaluate the water quality in Yibin Reach of the Yangtze River,and it was found that the water quality in Yibin Reach in 2008 was clean while the water quality in 2004 and 2012 were slightly polluted. Eight parameters such as p H,DO,CODMn,ammonia nitrogen,petroleum,TN,TP and fecal coliform were chosen to analyze the main pollution factors and the temporal and spatial distribution characteristics by principal component analysis（PCA） and SPSS17.0. Four principal components were verified through PCA,and the analysis showed that water quality in other seasons was better than that in summer. The water quality in 2008 was better than that in 2012,and the water quality in 2012 was better than that in 2004. The water quality in Guagongshan Section was better than it was in Jingkou Section.

关 键 词：水质 时空分布 综合污染指数法 主成分分析 长江宜宾段 

分 类 号：X832[环境科学与工程—环境工程]