柠檬酸改性硝化纤维水溶液的制备及应用研究  

Preparation and Application of Aqueous Nitrocellulose Solution Modified by Citric Acid

作　　者：赵笑宇[1] 王鸿儒[1] 赵鹏飞[1] 郭玉珍[1] 

机构地区：[1]陕西科技大学资源与环境学院,陕西西安710021

出　　处：《塑料工业》2016年第4期133-137,共5页China Plastics Industry

基　　金：陕西科技大学研究生创新基金;研究生教育改革研究项目

摘　　要：将硝化纤维水性化可以有效降低硝基涂料VOC的含量。实验使用柠檬酸对硝化纤维进行水性化处理,在其分子中引入亲水基团,制备了一种成膜高光的水性硝化纤维溶液。通过FT-IR、TG-DSC等一系列方法对制备的改性硝化纤维进行结构和性能表征,并将该硝化纤维溶液与蛋白光亮材料共混后制成涂层,测定涂层的光亮度、延伸性、耐磨性、透气性、透水汽性、耐折牢度等物理性能。改性硝化纤维与蛋白成膜剂共混能够提升改性硝化纤维的涂饰性能,耐磨性由3级提升到2级,涂饰革的透气性由199.80 m L/(cm^2·h)提升到276.15 m L/(cm^2·h),透水汽性由372.3 mg/(10cm^2·24h)提升到438.2 mg/(10cm^2·24h),但涂层的耐折牢度、拉伸强度、光亮度有所下降。It is an effective way to reduce high volatile organic compounds （VOC） of the nitrocellulose paints by turning nitrocellulose to be waterborne. A new aqueous nitrocellulose solution with high-gloss film deposition was prepared by using citric acid to modify nitrocellulose through introducing hydrophilic group into the nitrocellulose molecules. The structure and thermal properties of the modified nitrocellulose were analyzed by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, TG-DSC analysis and so on. Additionally, the nitrocellulose solution was blended with the protein binders to prepare the coating. The performance of the coating was studied by measuring brightness, tensile strength, elongation, abrasion resistance, air permeability, water vapor permeability and folding fastness. The compatibility of the aqueous nitrocellulose solution with the protein binder was studied. When casein and gelatin are added to the modified aqueous nitrocellulose solution, the wear resistance of the coating is increased from three degree to two degree, the air permeability of the coated crust is increased from 199. 80 mL/（cm^2·h） to 276. 15 mL/（cm^2·h）, the water vapor permeability of the coated crust is increased from 372. 3 mg/（ 10cm^2·24h） to 438.2mg/（ 10cm^2·24h）, but the flexing resistance, tensile strength, elongation and the brightness of coating are slightly decreased.

关 键 词：硝化纤维 柠檬酸 蛋白 涂饰 坯革 

分 类 号：TQ630.1[化学工程—精细化工]