城镇化进程中留守妇女安慰寻求、孤独感与抑郁的相关性  

Relationship between comfort-seeking,loneliness and depression of rural left-behind women

作　　者：李丽娜[1] 刘霄[1] 马会霞[1] 吕少博[1] 王晓燕[1] 罗红格[1] 张郢[1] 于晓宇[1] 张美航[1] 崔向军[1] 

机构地区：[1]河北联合大学,河北唐山063000

出　　处：《现代预防医学》2016年第7期1217-1221,共5页Modern Preventive Medicine

基　　金：河北省社会科学基金项目(课题编号:HB14SH019)

摘　　要：目的本研究通过探讨农村留守妇女安慰寻求、孤独感与抑郁的现状以及影响因素,为提高农村留守妇女的心理健康水平、生活质量提供理论基础。方法采用安慰寻求量表UCLA孤独量表、抑郁自评量表对河北省某地区的260名农村留守妇女进行问卷调查。结果 (1)农村留守妇女与常模的的孤独感得分差异(t=8.75,P<0.01)、抑郁得分差异(t=18.42,P<0.001)达到了显著水平,安慰寻求得分超过理论中值占总体人数的12.34%。(2)不同子女数量的农村留守妇女在安慰寻求(F=2.91,P<0.05))、孤独感(F=10.56,P<0.001)、抑郁(F=5.73,P<0.001)具有显著差异。(3)不同知心朋友数量的农村留守妇女的安慰寻求(F=3.20,P<0.05)、孤独感(F=44.40,P<0.001)、抑郁得分(F=11.11,P<0.001)上有显著差异。(4)不同家庭责任繁重程度(家中农活、照顾孩子、照顾老人)的农村留守妇女在安慰寻求、孤独感、抑郁上有显著差异(P<0.05)。(5)抑郁与孤独感(r=0.61)、安慰寻求(r=0.20)有显著相关。(6)孤独感得分、农忙时丈夫是否回家、安慰寻求得分进入了回归方程(R2=0.433)。结论 (1)农村留守妇女的孤独感、抑郁高于全国平均水平,心理健康状况不容乐观。(2)子女数量、知心朋友数量、家庭责任繁重程度是影响农村留守妇女安慰寻求、孤独感、抑郁的重要因素。(3)留守妇女安慰寻求、孤独感水平越高,越容易出现抑郁情绪。Objective To investigate rural left- behind women＇s comfort- seeking,loneliness and depression,and the effect of comfort- seeking and loneliness on the depression,so as to implement better mental health care for rural left- behind women.Methods UCLA,T- AI and SAS were adopted in the investigation on 260 rural left- behind women in Hebei. Results The loneliness（ t = 8. 75,P〈0. 01） and depression（ t = 18. 42,P〈0. 001） scores of the rural left- behind women were significantly higher than the national norm. Children＇s quantity of left- behind women had significant difference in comfort- seeking（ F = 2.91,P〈0. 05）,loneliness（ F = 10. 56,P〈0. 001）,and depression（ F = 5. 73,P〈0. 01）. Friends＇ quantity of left- behind women had a significant difference in comfort- seeking（ F = 3. 20,P〈0. 05）,loneliness（ F = 44. 40,P〈0. 001）,and depression（ F = 11. 11,P〈0. 05）. Different family responsibility degrees had significant differences in comfort- seeking,loneliness,and depression. The loneliness was significantly positively correlated with comfort- seeking（ r = 0. 20） and depression（ r = 0. 61）. The loneliness,whether husbands came back home in busy season and comfort- seeking were concluded into the regression formula of depression. Conclusion Rural left- behind women＇s mental health is of no optimism. Different amounts of children,the time lengths of the husband go out to work,and family responsibility degrees of left- behind women are the main effect in the loneliness,trait anxiety and depression. A high level of comfort- seeking and loneliness can lead to depression.

关 键 词：Rural LEFT-BEHIND women LONELINESS TRAIT ANXIETY DEPRESSION 

分 类 号：R17[医药卫生—妇幼卫生保健]