新疆地区住院患者入院疼痛现状调查  

THE EPIDEMIOLOGICAL INVESTIGATION ON PAIN OF PATIENTS HOSPITALIZED IN THE FIRST AFFILIATED HOSPITAL OF XINJIANG MEDICAL UNIVERSITY

作　　者：吴蓍妍 席鹏[1] 吕亚楠[1] 李涵[1] 李亦梅[1] 

机构地区：[1]新疆医科大学第一附属医院疼痛科,乌鲁木齐830054

出　　处：《中国疼痛医学杂志》2016年第3期205-209,共5页Chinese Journal of Pain Medicine

摘　　要：目的：对新疆医科大学第一附属医院新入院患者中疼痛的患病率、患者的基本信息、疼痛特点、疾病分布、诊疗等相关数据进行分析,为全院疼痛管理规程的制定和＂无痛医院＂的建立提供依据。方法：使用自制调查问卷表,对2326例新入院住院患者入院2小时内的疼痛情况进行一对一床旁面访,收集患者一般信息及可能影响疼痛的相关因素,详细询问疼痛现状及诊疗经过,即时完成调查表填写。结果：新疆医科大学第一附属医院住院患者中入院时疼痛的患病率为30.6%,涉及调查的48个临床科室中均有存在不同程度疼痛症状的患者。少数民族疼痛患者占总调查人数的44.5%,平均年龄为50.6±16.8岁,其中41~60岁年龄段的疼痛患者最多,占41.9%。采用国际疼痛研究协会（International Association for the Study of Pain,IASP）制定的五轴疼痛分类法分类后显示,被调查者中最常见的疼痛部位为腰骶及下肢共占34.35%,脊柱与关节系统的疼痛占34.01%,入院疼痛患者中慢性疼痛多于急性疼痛。患者对于神经阻滞、射频治疗等新型镇痛措施的知晓率明显低于传统镇痛方法。结论：疼痛在入院患者中分布广,且患病率较高,我们应加强对入院患者疼痛方面的关注,加强疼痛知识宣教。通过分析疼痛的分类及特点,准确制定和实施治疗方案,有效预防和控制疼痛,合理分配医疗资源,提高患者就医质量。促进＂无痛医院＂的建设,实现疼痛的全程管理。Objective： To investigate the status of pain in the First Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University and provide evidence for developing management procedure of pain and establishing‘Painless Hospital＇. Method： We inquired the pain symptoms by using a modified questionnaire from 2326 patients within two hours since their admission. We collected the patients＇ general information, possible factors that influence pain, their current status of pain and the process of prior treatment and then filled the questionnaire instantly.Results： The prevalence rate of pain among the hospitalized patients was 30.6% in the first affiliated hospital of Xin Jiang medical university. Patients with various levels of pain were found in all of the 48 clinical departments. The minority patients accounted for 44.5%. The average age of patients was 50.6±16.8 years old and the proportion of patients aged 41~60 years old was 41.9%. Using a five-dimension taxonomy established by International Association for the Study of Pain（IASP）, we found the most common location of pain appeared in lumbosacral region and lower limbs（34.35%）. The proportion of vertebral column and Arthrodynia disease related pain was 34.01%. We also found more hospitalized patients with chronic pain than with acute pain. The awareness rates of the nerve block and radiofrequency ablation were significantly lower than that of traditional analgesic methods. Conclusion： Hospitalized patients showed widely distributed pain of high prevalence. Therefore, we should pay more attention to the pain of hospitalized patients and intensify the publicity and education of pain. Through analysis of the classification and characteristic of pain, we could formulate and implement treatment prescription accurately, prevent and control pain effectively, allocate the medical resource properly and improve the quality of medical treatment. These results will promote the construction of ＂painless hospital＂ and help us to achieve the whole process management of pain.

关 键 词：疼痛 流行病学调查 IASP五轴疼痛分类法 

分 类 号：R402[医药卫生—临床医学]