《伙计》中犹太人物的异化与疏离——一个存在主义的视角  

Alienation and Estrangement of Jews in The Assistant——from the Perspective of Existentialism

作　　者：任瑞芳[1] 

机构地区：[1]四川外国语大学研究生院,重庆400031

出　　处：《广西民族师范学院学报》2016年第1期106-108,共3页

摘　　要：作为美国当代最重要的犹太作家之一,伯纳德·马拉默德创造出多部带有犹太文化特色的作品,比如《伙计》、《新生活》、《房客》等,在这些小说中,马拉默德通过塑造多个令人难忘的"精神孤儿"的形象,展现出他在勾勒美国社会底层犹太人的众生画像方面的天赋。本文以长篇小说《伙计》为例,通过对带有存在主义色彩的人物的生存状态和精神状态分析,揭示个体精神世界产生异化的原因以及物欲泛滥的现代社会对人与人、人与社会关系的浸染,从而娓娓道来马拉默德内心深处的犹太悲悯情怀,传达"世界是荒谬的,人生是痛苦的"存在主义文学意涵。Bernard Malamud, as one of the most prominent Jewish writers in contemporary America, creates several works with Jewish cultural characteristics, such as The Assistant, A New Life, The Tenants, and so on. In these novels, Malamud, by shaping a plenty of memorable images of ＂spiritual orphans＂, showing his talent at picturing the bottom society of American Jews. Taking The Assistant for example, through the analysis on people＇s mental state and existential state with existentialism, this paper reveals the reasons for alienation in the spiritual world of individuals and the impregnation of modern society of rampant materialism to the relation between human beings and between humans and society. And it tells people the Jewish compassion feelings of Malamud, and conveys the existential meaning of literature： the world is absurd and life is suffering.

关 键 词：马拉默德 《伙计》 自我异化 人际疏离 反叛与复归 

分 类 号：I106.4[文学—世界文学]