番茄综合营养品质对各阶段土壤含水率的响应  

Response of comprehensive nutritional quality of tomato to soil moisture at different stages

作　　者：吴雪[1] 陈思[1] 周振江[1] 牛晓丽[1] 胡田田[1] 

机构地区：[1]西北农林科技大学水利与建筑工程学院,陕西杨凌712100

出　　处：《西北农林科技大学学报（自然科学版）》2016年第3期52-62,共11页Journal of Northwest A&F University(Natural Science Edition)

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(51279169;50939005);国家"863"计划项目(2011AA100504)

摘　　要：【目的】研究不同生育时期土壤含水率对番茄综合营养品质的影响,确立优质番茄的高效灌溉制度。【方法】以盆栽番茄为试验材料,以苗期、始花结果期、果实生长初期、果实快速膨大期和果实品质形成期的土壤含水率为试验因素,采用五元二次通用旋转组合设计（1/2实施）,应用博弈论综合赋权法和近似理想解法得到番茄单一营养品质指标权重和综合营养品质指标评价值及其排序,建立番茄综合营养品质指标对不同生育期土壤含水率的模型,并进行单因子和2因子互作分析。【结果】番茄单一营养品质指标权重排序为番茄红素〉可溶性糖〉维生素C〉可滴定酸〉可溶性固形物。不同时期土壤含水率对番茄综合营养品质的影响表现为始花结果期〉果实快速膨大期〉果实生长初期〉果实品质形成期〉苗期。其他因子为0水平时,番茄综合营养品质随着始花结果期和果实快速膨大期土壤含水率的增加呈凹型抛物线变化趋势。苗期与果实生长初期、苗期与果实品质形成期、果实快速膨大期与果实品质形成期的土壤含水率均对番茄综合品质存在一定的拮抗作用,始花结果期与果实生长初期、始花结果期与果实品质形成期、果实生长初期与果实快速膨大期的土壤含水率均对番茄综合营养品质有一定的协同作用。综合营养品质评价值分布在0.6～0.8的最优试验方案为处理9。综合营养品质评价值分布在0.6～0.8时各生育期的土壤含水率的优化结果为：苗期71%～83%,始花结果期71%～83%,果实生长初期68%～80%,果实快速膨大期70%～82%,果实品质形成期70%～82%。【结论】不同生育期土壤含水率的合理组合有利于提高番茄营养品质。【Objective】This paper investigated the influence of soil moisture at different stages on flavor and nutritional compounds of tomato fruit to establish an efficient irrigation schedule.【Method】A pot experiment testing soil moistures at seeding stage,blooming and fruit setting stage,early period of fruit growth,fruit expending period and quality forming period was conducted using aquadratic orthogonal regressive rotation design with five factors.Weight of signal quality attributes were determined by the comprehensive weighting method of game theory and comprehensive quality index was obtained by technique for order preference by similarity to an ideal solution（TOPSIS）.Then,a regression model on soil moisture at different periods and comprehensive nutritional tomato quality index was established and single and coupling effects were analyzed.【Result】The weights of nutritional indexes were in a decreasing order of lycopenesoluble sugarvitamin Ctitratable acidsoluble solids.Influences of soil moisture on comprehen-sive nutritional quality were in the order of blooming and fruit setting stagefruit expending periodearly period of fruit growthfruit quality forming periodseeding stage.When other factors were at zero level,the comprehensive nutritional quality followed an upward quadratic parabola shape with the increase of soil moisture at fruit quality forming period and fruit expending period.Interactions between soil moisture of seeding stage and early period of fruit growth,seeding stage and fruit quality forming period,as well as fruit expending period and quality forming period showed an antagonism on comprehensive nutritional quality,while that of blooming and fruit setting stage and early period of fruit growth,blooming and fruits setting stage and fruit quality forming period,as well as fruit expending stage and fruit quality forming period showed synergism.The comprehensive nutritional quality index was 0.6to 0.8,and the optimal plan was treatment 9.The optimal soil moistures were：seeding stage

关 键 词：番茄 土壤含水率 综合营养品质 

分 类 号：S641.2[农业科学—蔬菜学]