曹操逐鹿中原兵力部署与作战方向的演变  

Evolution in Cao Cao's Disposition of Forces and Direction of Operation in Strive for Hegemony

作　　者：宋杰[1] 

机构地区：[1]首都师范大学历史学院,北京100089

出　　处：《军事历史研究》2016年第1期42-66,共25页Military History Research

基　　金：2015年国家社会科学基金后期资助项目"三国兵争要地与攻守战略研究"(15FZS032)

摘　　要：在汉末群雄逐鹿中原期间,曹操起初处于劣势,投靠袁绍后得以占据东郡西境的白马等地。袁绍夺取冀州后,曹操入主东郡,设治所于东武阳,又率主力部队西驻顿丘,从此进入群雄并据之列。兖州刺史刘岱被黄巾军击杀,曹操乘机进占该地,随后移州治于鄄城,分兵驻守沿河津要,并以徐州为主攻方向。出于对战略形势的正确预判,曹操平定兖州叛乱后南下豫州,通过屯田和迁都许县、总揽朝政等举措建立了颍川新根据地,并以许都附近为军事重心区域对外征战。此后在与袁氏集团的中原决战中,曹操又把军队主力的常驻地点北移至官渡、黎阳,最后转移到邺城,从而统一了北方。During the late Han Dynasty,among the fierce competition for hegemony,Cao Cao was first at a disadvantage,and came to occupy places like Baima in the west of Dongjun County only after he went to Yuan Shao for shelter.When Yuan seized Jizhou,Cao became the ruler in Dongjun.He established the county government in East Wuyang,led his main troops westward and stationed his army in Dunqiu,thus becoming independent and equal to the powerful warlords of the time.When Liu Dai,the prefectural governor of Yanzhou was killed by the Yellow Scarves Rebels,Cao grasped the chance and marched into the area.He then moved the county government to Juancheng,held key spots along the river and directed his main attention to the attack of Xuzhou.His sound predictions of the strategic situation and a series of measures including capital city transfer to Xudu and monopolization of power enabled him to found the new base area of Yingchuan and to expand his power from vital military regions near Xudu.Later,in the decisive engagements with the Yuan Group,Cao again moved the main forces northward to Guandu,Liyang and finally to Yecheng,and thereby unified the northern area of the country.

关 键 词：曹操 张邈 陶谦 袁绍 东郡 兖州 颍川 许都 官渡 

分 类 号：K236[历史地理—历史学] E292[历史地理—中国史]