许氏平鲉(Sebastes schlegeli)微卫星标记开发及野生、养殖群体遗传多样性分析  

ISOLATION OF MICROSATELLITE MARKERS FOR BLACK ROCKFISH SEBASTES SCHLEGELI AND GENETIC DIVERSITY OF WILD AND CULTURED POPULATIONS

作　　者：韩承慧 马海涛[2,3] 姜海滨 刘阳[1,2] 韩慧宗 王斐 

机构地区：[1]上海海洋大学水产与生命学院,上海201306 [2]山东省海洋资源与环境研究院山东省海洋生态修复重点实验室,烟台264006 [3]中国科学院南海海洋研究所,广州510301

出　　处：《海洋与湖沼》2016年第1期213-220,共8页Oceanologia Et Limnologia Sinica

基　　金：山东省良种工程项目"优质抗病速生鱼类良种选育";2005-2015;现代农业产业技术体系项目;nycytx-50号

摘　　要：对许氏平鲉进行简化基因组测序,设计微卫星引物200对,可稳定扩增的引物190对,占95%。利用一个荣成野生群体对24个多态性较高的微卫星标记进行了评价,每个位点的等位基因数(Na)为2—21个,观测杂合度(Ho)为0.0417—0.9167,期望杂合度(He)为0.0278—0.9722,多态信息含量(PIC)为0.1948—0.9496,结果显示有20个微卫星位点为中高度多态。利用这些引物对荣成野生群体和烟台养殖群体的遗传多样性进行了比较分析,野生和养殖群体的平均等位基因数(Na)分别为8.5000、6.9583,有效等位基因数(Ne)的均值分别为4.5484、3.6365,期望杂合度(He)均值分别为0.6421、0.5840,多态信息含量均值(PIC)分别为0.6088、0.5490,平均香农-威纳指数均值为1.4605、1.2834,但F检验发现无显著差异,发现两个群体的遗传多样性都处于高度多态水平,但养殖群体遗传多样性水平低于野生群体。本研究结果说明许氏平鲉的人工繁育中,通过使用较大数量的亲本进行繁育可有效防止选育群体的遗传多样性降低,但人工定向选育对选育群体的遗传多样性也产生了一定的影响。Bonferroni校正后在两个群体中各有4个位点偏离Hardy-Weinberg平衡。本研究开发的微卫星标记为许氏平鲉遗传图谱构建、分子标记辅助育种等提供了更多标记选择,对野生和养殖群体遗传多样性分析为下一步的遗传育种提供参考。We designed 200 pairs of microsatellite primers after a simple genome sequencing of Sebastes schlegeli, of which 190 pairs displayed objective band, and we examined 24 polymorphic microsatellite markers in Rongcheng wild population. The allele number of these markers ranged 2--21 per locus, the observed and expected heterozygosity values ranged 0.0417--0.9167 and 0.0278--0.9722, and the polymorphism information contention ranged 0.1948 to 0.9496. Results revealed 20 microsatellite markers in middle or high polymorphism. Comparison between Rongcheng wild population and Yantai cultured population with these markers shows： the mean allele number and the effective allele number were 8.5000, 6.9583, and 4.5484, 3.6365, respectively; the values of average expected heterozygosity were 0.6421 and 0.5840; the mean PIC were 0.6088 and 0.5490; the mean value of Shannon-Weiner index were 1.4605 and 1.2834; however, the difference is not statistically significant. High-genetic diversity was maintained in both wild and hatchery populations, but polymorphism of cultured population was lower than the wild, indicating a large number of broodstocks avoided the decreasing of genetic diversity in artificial breeding, but directional breeding affected the genetic diversity of breeding populations. Four loci significantly deviated from Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium after Bonferroni correction in each population. These markers will be useful for genetic linkage map construction and molecular marker-assisted selection for S. schlegeli.

关 键 词：许氏平鲉 微卫星 野生群体 养殖群体 遗传多样性 

分 类 号：Q789[生物学—分子生物学]