临近空间大气扰动变化特性的定量研究  

Quantitative studies on the variations of near space atmospheric fluctuation

作　　者：肖存英[1] 胡雄[1] 王博[1,2] 杨钧烽 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院国家空间科学中心,北京100190 [2]中国科学院大学,北京100049

出　　处：《地球物理学报》2016年第4期1211-1221,共11页Chinese Journal of Geophysics

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(41104099)资助

摘　　要：本文利用TIMED/SABER 2002年1月至2013年1月共11年的卫星温度探测数据,通过全球网格化及在网格内作数学统计的方法,得到了20～100km高度上全球网格点上温度的平均值和标准差,实现了对临近空间全球大气扰动进行定量刻画的目的.通过定量分析温度标准差的分布特性,文中得到了临近空间大气扰动的全球分布规律,并讨论了与这些分布规律相关的物理过程.结果表明,在20～70km高度上,温度标准差为1～10K,有显著的冬季/夏季的差异,冬季的温度标准差比夏季大;大气重力波扰动是最主要来源,同时大气传播性行星波引起的扰动也是来源之一.在70～100km高度上,温度标准差常年较强,量值为10～30K,冬季/夏季的差异小,低纬地区的温度标准差高于中高纬度地区,呈现许多局地化的小结构.大气重力波是引起该区域大气总扰动量的主要扰动来源,大气潮汐波、传播性行星波（准2天、准6.5天）也有重要贡献.Methods of global gridding and mathematical statistics in the grids are developed in order to overcome the difficulty of characterizing the near space global atmospheric fluctuation quantitatively.With a total of 11 years of TIMED/SABER temperature data from January 2002 to January 2013,temperature means and standard deviations are obtained,which extend 50°S—50°N latitude（with a resolution of 4°）,0°—360°longitude（with a resolution of 5°）,20～100km altitude（with a resolution of 1km）in each month from January to December.Based on the quantitative results of the temperature standard deviations,the global morphology of near space atmospheric fluctuation and their related physical processes are studied in this paper.In the lower altitude between 20 km and 70 km,temperature standard deviations are generally 1～10K.There are significant differences in the winter/summer.The temperature standard deviations are larger in winter than those in summer and larger in austral winter than in boreal winter.There are some changes with the longitude,mainly concentrated in the 40°S—50°S and/or 40°N—50°N,showing structures of wave 1or wave 2.These features in 20～70km altitude are mostly related with atmospheric gravity waves,also the travelling planetary waves.In the upper altitude between 70 kmand 100km,the temperature standard deviations are always strong,with typically values of 10～30K.There are small differences in the winter/summer.The standard deviations are higher in low-latitude regions than those in high latitudes regions.Moreover,their longitudinal distributions are quite complex,presenting many of small local structures.Atmospheric gravity waves are the main process to disturb the atmosphere,and atmospheric tidal waves,travelling planetary waves（quasi-2-days,quasi-6.5-days）also contribute significantly to the total atmospheric fluctuation.

关 键 词：临近空间 大气扰动 行星波 潮汐波 重力波 定量描述 

分 类 号：P351[天文地球—空间物理学]