热带太平洋雌性黄鳍金枪鱼繁殖生物学研究  

Reproductive biology of female yellowfin tuna(Thunnus albacores) in the tropical Pacific Ocean

作　　者：陈丽雯[1] 戴小杰[1,2] 朱江峰[1,2] 翟天晨[1] 

机构地区：[1]上海海洋大学海洋科学学院,上海201306 [2]大洋渔业资源可持续开发省部共建教育部重点实验室,上海201306

出　　处：《上海海洋大学学报》2016年第2期237-245,共9页Journal of Shanghai Ocean University

基　　金：农业部远洋金枪鱼渔业科学观察员项目;农业部远洋渔业探捕项目(2013-2014)

摘　　要：黄鳍金枪鱼(Thunnus albacores)是3个热带金枪鱼鱼种之一,也是我国远洋金枪鱼渔业的主要捕捞对象之一。本研究根据我国金枪鱼渔业观察员在热带太平洋海域(14°1'S-11°41'N,158°43'E-128°24'W)采集的229尾雌性黄鳍金枪鱼样本,基于组织切片法对其繁殖生物学特征进行研究。结果表明:成熟度以Ⅰ、Ⅱ期为主,性成熟个体占样品总数的36.7%;运用Logistic模型拟合的性成熟比率(P)与叉长(L_F)关系曲线(成熟度曲线)方程为P=1/1+e^([-0.072(LF-138.13)]),对应的50%性成熟叉长为138.13 cm;在南半球,纬度越高,性成熟比率和性腺成熟指数越高。东太平洋和中西太平洋(以150°W为界)黄鳍金枪鱼群体的成熟度表现出区域性差异,东太平洋群体的成熟进程比中西部快,且产卵活动存在季节性差异。东太平洋和中西太平洋群体成熟度的性腺成熟指数变化规律相似。比较肉眼观测法和组织切片法,发现肉眼观测法对Ⅱ、Ⅴ期的判断准确率较高,对Ⅰ、Ⅳ期的判断准确率低。Yellowfin tuna（ Thunnus albacores; YFT） is one of the three tropical tuna species in the world. It is also one of the main target species of China＇s distant water tuna fishery. Based on 229 female YFT samples collected by China＇s national tuna fishery observers in the tropical Pacific Ocean（ 14°1＇S- 11°41＇N,158°43＇E- 128° 24＇ W）,the reproductive characteristics of YFT were analyzed using histological method. The majority of samples were observed in maturity stage Ⅰ and stage Ⅱ,and 36. 7% of samples were mature. The proportion of mature individuals and fork length can be described as P =1/1 ＋ e^（[- 0. 072（ LF- 138. 13） ]）,with size at50% maturity of 138. 13 cm. In the southern hemisphere,the proportion of mature samples and gonadosomatic index increased with latitude. The maturity features differed inthe eastern Pacific Ocean（ EPO） and the western andcentral Pacific Ocean（ WCPO,divided by 150°W）,in that the YFT in the EPO attained sexual maturity earlier than those in the WCPO. The seasonal spawning activity also differed between EPO and WCPO. The variations of gonadosomatic index by maturity stage showed similar pattern between EPO and WCPO. Our results also indicated that the visual observation tended to make higher errors in determining the maturity stages of I and IV; while make lower errors in determining the maturity stages of Ⅱ and Ⅴ.

关 键 词：黄鳍金枪鱼 繁殖生物学 成熟度 太平洋 

分 类 号：S932.4[农业科学—渔业资源]