量子相变与量子纠缠  

Quantum phase transitions and quantum entanglement

作　　者：刘光华[1] 邓小燕[2] 

机构地区：[1]天津工业大学物理系,天津300387 [2]天津工业大学研究生院,天津300387

出　　处：《大学物理》2016年第4期1-6,共6页College Physics

基　　金：天津工业大学校级教学改革项目(2013-2-33)资助

摘　　要：作为量子体系一种内在的非局域性关联,量子纠缠已经成为一个可利用的重要资源并广泛应用于许多领域.强关联体系中的量子相变,作为凝聚态理论中的一个重要现象,也一直是人们研究的热点.本文介绍了量子纠缠的定义,纠缠的判据,以及纠缠的度量.接着,通过一个具体模型对如何利用量子纠缠描述量子相变进行讨论和分析.研究发现,在强关联体系量子相变中量子纠缠扮演着非常重要的角色.Quantum entanglement,as an inherent nonlocal correlation,has become one of the important available sources,and was widely applied in many fields. The quantum phase transition in strongly correlated systems,as an important phenomenon,is still a remarkable focus in condensed matter physics. In the present paper,the conception,the criteria,and the measurement of entanglement are introduced and discussed. Then,the quantum phase transitions in a representative model are investigated,and how to describe the quantum phase transitions by the quantum entanglement is also discussed. It is found that the quantum entanglement plays a key role in quantum phase transitions.

关 键 词：非局域关联 量子纠缠 量子相变 

分 类 号：O413.1[理学—理论物理]