蔬菜价格悖论的理论解析  

Analysis of the Paradox for Prices of Vegetables

作　　者：淮建军[1] 王征兵[1] 雷红梅[2] 

机构地区：[1]西北农林科技大学经济管理学院,陕西杨凌712100 [2]西北农林科技大学医院,陕西杨凌712100

出　　处：《华中农业大学学报（社会科学版）》2016年第3期24-30,133,共7页Journal of Huazhong Agricultural University(Social Sciences Edition)

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目"异质性约束下黄土高原苹果干旱风险的分类适应性管理"(71473196);国家苹果产业体系子项目"异质性约束下陕西苹果干旱的分类适应性管理研究"(CARS-28);中国清洁发展机制赠款项目(2012027);第28批教育部回国留学人员科研启动项目"中国苹果种植的气候系统风险;适应性管理及区划研究";2015年西北农林科技大学国际科技合作种子项目"黄土高原土地利用与碳路径综合评价"

摘　　要：为解释蔬菜产销差价巨大的现象,利用流通成本、供求均衡,分工与协作,参照价格和机会成本等理论对蔬菜价格悖论进行系统分析。供求理论分析表明,在蔬菜供应链中,批发商、收购商和零售商相对于菜农具有自然垄断地位;分工与协作理论分析表明,批发商、收购商和零售商较高的分工效率决定了他们的垄断定价权力;参照价格理论和机会成本理论分析表明,蔬菜产销的各个主体的参照价格和机会成本存在的巨大差距,才是造成蔬菜价格悖论的根本原因。因此,降低渠道壁垒,建设供应链和价值链,加强分工与专业化,完善沟通机制,减小城乡差距等是解决蔬菜价格悖论的主要对策。It systematically explains the gap between purchase price and retail price of vegetables by theory of circulation cost,supply-demand,division-cooperation,reference price and opportunity cost.The supply and demand analysis shows that the natural monopoly of the wholesalers,buyers and retailersexists in the supply chains of vegetables;the division theory points out that higher efficiency of division of the wholesalers,buyers and retailers determines their monopoly power of pricing;the theory of reference price and opportunity cost shows that a huge gap of reference price and opportunity costs among various bodies is the fundamental reason of paradox of vegetable prices.Therefore,the resolutions to such paradox are to reduce barriers of selling channels,construct the supply and value chain,strengthen the division and specialization,improve the communication mechanism,and diminish the gap between urban and rural areas.

关 键 词：蔬菜价格悖论 流通费用 供求均衡 分工与专业化 参照价格 机会成本 

分 类 号：F326.1[经济管理—产业经济]