中国材料生命周期评价数据模型及数据库开发  

Data Model and Database Development for Materials Life Cycle Assessment in China

作　　者：李小青[1] 龚先政[1] 聂祚仁[1] 王志宏[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京工业大学材料科学与工程学院,北京100124

出　　处：《中国材料进展》2016年第3期171-178,204,共8页Materials China

基　　金：国家863计划(2007AA03Z432;2013AA031602);国家973计划(2007CB613206);国家支撑计划(2007BAE42B05;2011BAJ04B06;2011BAC04B06;2011 BAB02 B04);北京市重点基金(2081001;2141001);国家自然科学基金(51304009)

摘　　要：作为数据密集型方法,高质量的数据是开展材料生命周期评价的重要前提,数据的可靠性直接影响着材料生命周期评价结果的可信度和应用性能。建设符合国情的材料生命周期环境负荷基础数据库,是我国开展LCA(Life Cycle Assessment)实践的基础数据保障和技术支撑。根据ISO14040系列国际标准,关于LCA分析的基本框架,从技术领域、环境领域和价值领域分析了LCA实践的数据要求和计算需求,建立了各领域实体的数据模型及清单数据的计算模型,完成了中国材料环境负荷数据库(Sinocenter 2.0)的总体框架设计和数据库详细设计,并对数据库进行了兼容性分析;进一步简要介绍了数据库的主要内容,并在此基础上开展了水泥能耗分析、材料生态设计等应用软件开发,以及面向互联网及大数据的LCA数据库的应用研究;探讨了材料环境负荷数据库技术将来的主要研究内容和研究方向。As the data intensive method, high quality environmental burden data is an important premise of carrying out materials life cycle assessment, and the reliability of data directly influences the reliability of the life cycle assessment re- suits and its application performance. Therefore, building Chinese LCA database is the basic data needs and technical sup- ports for carrying out and improving LCA practice. Firstly, according to requirement of IS014040 series standards, the data request and computation demand were studied from the scope of technique, environment and value fields, together with the detailed analysis and systemic abstract of LCA process, finally related models for LCA practice were developed. Based on the built models and the analysis of LCA database structure, functional assign and application demand, the gen- eral framework of Chinese LCA database named Sinocenter 2.0 had been accomplished, the detailed design of database was also achieved, the compatibility of Sinocenter 2.0 with the Ecoinvent database and IS014048 standard was analyzed. Secondly, the main contents of the database were briefly introduced, and the application software of cement energy con- sumption analysis and materials ecodesign were developed. Then the applied researches orient to interuet and big data tech- nology were promoted. Finally, the future research works were proposed and discussed.

关 键 词：环境负荷数据 生命周期分析 数据模型 数据库设计 

分 类 号：X828[环境科学与工程—环境工程]