不同粗饲料对奶牛乳中脂肪酸组成和血液生化指标的影响  

Effects of forage sources on fatty acids composition and blood biochemical parameters of dairy cows

作　　者：侯玉洁 徐俊[2] 熊春贤 王玉兰 许亮清 

机构地区：[1]南昌市农业科学院,江西南昌330000 [2]江西省农业科学院农产品质量安全与标准研究所,江西南昌330200

出　　处：《中国饲料》2016年第9期15-18,22,共5页China Feed

基　　金：十二五国家科技支撑计划(2011BAD17B03)

摘　　要：试验旨在研究不同粗饲料来源日粮对泌乳中期奶牛乳中脂肪酸组成和血液生化指标的影响。选用8头泌乳中期奶牛,随机分为4组,采用4×4重复拉丁方设计,共4期,每期21 d,其中适应期14 d,采样期7 d。四组日粮均以玉米青贮为基础,粗饲料分别为苜蓿、燕麦草、羊草和稻草,日粮等能等氮且中性洗涤纤维(NDF)和非纤维性碳水化合物(NFC)含量相同。研究结果表明:不同粗饲料来源日粮对干物质采食量和奶产量均无显著影响(P>0.05),但乳中C4∶0、C12∶0、C14∶0、C18∶0、C18∶2、C18∶3脂肪酸含量差异显著(P<0.05)。血液中谷丙转氨酶、谷草转氨酶、碱性磷酸酶和乳酸脱氢酶活性均无显著差异(P>0.05)。稻草组血液中球蛋白浓度显著低于苜蓿组(P<0.05),但与燕麦草组和羊草组间差异均不显著(P>0.05)。各组间血液中葡萄糖、尿素氮、甘油三酯、总胆固醇、肌酐和β-羟丁酸含量差异不显著(P>0.05)。综上可知,当日粮等能等氮且NDF和NFC含量相同时,可考虑使用低质牧草替代优质牧草饲喂泌乳中期奶牛,对其无不良影响。Eight multiparous Holstein cows were chose in a replicated 4 伊4 Latin square design to evaluate the effects of forage sources on fatty acids composition and blood biochemical parameters.Each period consisted of 21 d,with 14d for dietary adaptation followed by 7 d for sampling.Diets were isonitrogenous and isocaloric,and alfalfa hay,oat hay,leymus chinensis and rice straw were chose as the primary source of fiber.Cows were fed with corn silage based total mixedrations with equivalent neutral detergent fiber（NDF）and non-fiber carbohydrates（NFC）contents.The results showed that,Dry matter intake and milk production weren＇t affected by the source of dietary forages （P 〉 0.05）,and C4：0,C12：0,C14：0,C18：0,C18：2 and C18：3 concentrations of fatty acids had significantly differences in each group （P 〈 0.05）.Enzyme activity of alanine transaminase,glutamic oxalacetic transaminase,alkaline phosphatase and lactate dehydrogenase in bloodwere similar within each group（P 〉 0.05）.The contents of globulin in rice straw group were lower than that of alfalfa group（P 〈 0.05）.Dietary treatments didn＇t affect the glucose,urea nitrogen,triglyceride,total cholesterol,creatinine and 茁-hydroxybutyrate level（P 〉 0.05）.The results inditaced that when cows fed isonitrogenous and isocaloric diets with equivalentNDF and NFC contents,low quality forage could used instead of high quality forage without no adverse effect.

关 键 词：粗饲料 脂肪酸 血液生化指标 奶牛 

分 类 号：S816.7[农业科学—饲料科学]