丹江流域径流养分的空间变异特征  

Spatial variation characteristics of runoff nutrients in Dan River

作　　者：成玉婷 徐国策[1] 李鹏[1] 刘晓君[1] 张铁钢[1] 龙菲菲[1] 

机构地区：[1]西安理工大学西北旱区生态水利工程国家重点实验室培育基地,陕西西安710048

出　　处：《西北农林科技大学学报（自然科学版）》2016年第4期93-99,共7页Journal of Northwest A&F University(Natural Science Edition)

基　　金：国家科技支撑计划项目(2011BAD31B01);水利部公益性行业科研专项(201201084);陕西省自然科学基础研究计划项目(2014JQ5175)

摘　　要：【目的】研究丹江流域径流养分的空间变异特征,为加强丹江流域的水质管理和调控提供指导。【方法】于2013年6月至7月,沿丹江干流自上游到下游采集25份水样,并在丹江上游、中游和下游典型小流域分别采集11,6和8个水样,分析丹江干流及典型小流域中径流养分的分布特征。【结果】丹江干流径流中电导率(EC)均值为0.45dS/m,硝态氮(NO-3-N)、铵态氮(NH+4-N)、总氮(TN)、总磷(TP)质量浓度平均值分别为6.35,0.21,10.17和0.04mg/L,其中硝态氮(NO-3-N)变异系数为136%,具有较强的空间变异特征,其他指标均为中等变异。与干流径流相比,上游小流域和下游小流域水体中NH+4-N、NO-3-N、TN、TP质量浓度及EC总体偏低,而中游小流域水体总体偏高。【结论】丹江干流径流含微量盐水,TN质量浓度超出地表水环境质量Ⅴ类水标准,其他指标均符合地表水环境质量标准Ⅱ类水标准,除NH+4-N外,丹江流域水体其他养分自上游到下游均表现为逐渐富集,其中TP质量浓度在中游略有下降。[Objective]The spatial characteristics of runoff nutrients in Dan River were investigated to strengthen water quality management and regulation in Dan River.[Method]A total of 25 water samples were collected along the Dan River from upstream to downstream during June and July,2013.There were also 11,6,and 8samples collected in typical small watersheds of upstream,midstream and downstream,respectively.Then,distribution characteristics of runoff nutrients were analyzed.[Result]In Dan River,the average electrical conductivity（EC）was 0.45dS/m and the average contents of nitrate nitrogen（NO-3-N）,ammonium nitrogen（NH＋4-N）,total nitrogen（TN）and,total phosphorus（TP）were 6.35,0.21,10.17and0.04mg/L,respectively.Nitrate nitrogen（NO-3-N）had strong spatial variation with coefficient of 136%,while other indicators had medium variations.Compared with the mainstream,NH＋4-N,NO-3-N,TN,and TP concentrations as well as EC in upstream and downstream small watersheds were lower while those in midstream small watersheds were higher.[Conclusion]The Dan River runoff was non-saline.Total nitrogen（TN）content was beyond class Ⅴ standards of national surface water environmental quality,whileother indexes met the classⅡ standards.All nutrients except NH＋4-N showed gradual accumulation from upstream to downstream,and total phosphorus slightly declined in midstream.

关 键 词：丹江流域 径流养分 小流域 空间变异 

分 类 号：TU991.21[建筑科学—市政工程]