弧底梯形渠道无喉道量水槽水力特性的数值模拟  

Numerical simulation of hydraulic properties of cut-throat flow measuring flume on trapezoidal canal with arc bottom

作　　者：钟新铭 马孝义[1] 王文娥[1] 许坤鹏 樊琨[1] 

机构地区：[1]西北农林科技大学水利与建筑工程学院,陕西杨凌712100

出　　处：《西北农林科技大学学报（自然科学版）》2016年第4期218-224,共7页Journal of Northwest A&F University(Natural Science Edition)

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(51279167);"十二五"国家科技支撑计划项目(2012BAD08B01);"十二五"国家"863"计划项目(2011AA100509)

摘　　要：【目的】研究弧底梯形渠道无喉道量水渠槽的水力特性,为灌区水资源的科学管理和可持续利用提供参考依据。【方法】利用Fluent6.3大型计算流体力学软件,基于VOF方法跟踪自由液面,采用RNGk-ε湍流数学模型和PISO算法,对不同收缩比条件下的弧底梯形渠道无喉道量水槽进行三维数值模拟,分析了弧底梯形渠道无喉道量水槽内部流场以及水位流量关系,将模拟结果和实测资料对比验证,同时进一步分析了弗劳德数、临界淹没度等量水槽各项水力性能。【结果】与传统无喉道量水槽相比,弧底梯形渠道无喉道量水槽具有显著优点:(1)量水槽结构简单,过流顺畅且呈良好的流线型;(2)临界淹没度(S)可达0.89,水头损失小,弗劳德数(Fr)<0.5,满足测流精度要求;(3)量水槽水位流量关系相关性较好,拟合公式测流平均误差小于5%。【结论】弧底梯形渠道无喉道量水槽结构可为灌区弧底梯形渠道量水提供新的思路和参考依据。[Objective]The hydraulic properties of cut-throat flow measuring flume on trapezoidal canal with arc bottom were investigated to provide reference for the scientific management and sustainable use of irrigation water resources.[Method]According to RNGk-εturbulent model and PISO algorithm based on VOF free surface tracking method,the fluid in cut-throat flow measuring flume on trapezoidal canal with arc bottom was simulated by Fluent6.3.The relationships between upstream water level and discharge,Froude,head loss and the critical submergence were analyzed.[Result]Compared with traditional cutthroated flume,the cut-throat flow measurement flume on trapezoidal canal with arc bottom had following significant advantages：simple structured,well streamlined,and high critical submerged ratio.The relationship between upstream water level and discharge was significant with standard error of less than 5%,small head loss and the critical submergence degree of 0.89.[Conclusion]The structure of cut-throat flow measurement flume on trapezoidal canal with arc bottom could provide new ideas and reference.

关 键 词：弧底梯形渠道 无喉道量水槽 水力特性 数值模拟 

分 类 号：TV135.3[水利工程—水力学及河流动力学]