3种除草剂对寒地水稻的生理效应研究  

Effects of three herbicides and applying doses on japonica rice in cold regions

作　　者：周通[1] 陆文静[1] 王艳[2] 陈书强[1] 张淑华[1] 关世武[1] 王翠[1] 

机构地区：[1]黑龙江省农业科学院佳木斯水稻研究所,佳木斯154026 [2]黑龙江大学,哈尔滨150080

出　　处：《植物保护》2016年第2期114-118,共5页Plant Protection

基　　金："十二五"国家科技支撑计划(2014BAD01B03-03);黑龙江省应用技术研究与开发计划科技重大项目(GA14B102)

摘　　要：为了筛选出适宜在寒地粳稻本田使用的除草剂,采用田间小区试验进行了3种除草剂2个施用剂量对水稻生理指标影响的试验,结果表明:3种除草剂对水稻氮代谢、抗逆性、形态特征和产量构成等影响各异,与清水对照比,30%莎稗磷EC显著增加水稻前期MDA含量,并显著降低水稻前期的NR活性、收获期有效分蘖数、穗长和小穗数;60%丁草胺EC和50%丙草胺EC高剂量处理效果相近,均对水稻体内的NR活性、MDA含量影响较小,但显著增加了穗粒数和穗粒重。粳稻本田施用60%丁草胺EC和50%丙草胺EC高剂量处理效果好于30%莎稗磷EC,与后者相比,施用60%丁草胺EC和50%丙草胺EC高剂量可诱导植株的NR、GS、CAT活性显著增加,而MDA含量显著降低,这种效果一直延续到生长后期,使穗长、小穗数、穗粒重及稻谷产量均得到显著增加。In order to select a suitable herbicide for japonica rice in cold regions of the Northeast China,the field trial was conducted by a design of three kinds of herbicides and two doses.The results showed that the effects of different herbicides on nitrogen metabolism,stress resistance,morphological characteristics and yield components were distinct.To compare with control,anilofos 30% EC damaged cell membrane,significantly increased content of MDA,lowered NR activity,effective tiller number,ear length,and spikelet number per ear.The butachlor60% EC and pretilachlor 50% EC had similar effects on japonica rice;they had little influence on NR activity and MDA content,but could significantly increase the number and weight of grain per ear.Among the three kinds of herbicides,both butachlor 60% EC and pretilachlor 50% EC had better effects on japonica rice than anilofos 30%EC.Compared to the anilofos 30% EC,the high-dose of the butachlor 60% EC and pretilachlor 50% EC not only increased the enzyme activity of NR,GS and CAT,and significantly decreased MDA content in early rice tissue,but also significantly increased ear length,spikelet number per ear,kernel weight per ear and the grain yield at harvest.

关 键 词：水稻 莎稗磷 丁草胺 丙草胺 生理特征 产量构成因素 

分 类 号：S451.21[农业科学—植物保护]