气体轴承透平膨胀机故障分析与处理  

FAULT ANALYSIS AND PROCESSING OF GAS BEARING TURBO- EXPANDER

作　　者：祝勇仁[1] 

机构地区：[1]浙江机电职业技术学院机械工程学院,杭州310053

出　　处：《机械强度》2016年第2期405-409,共5页Journal of Mechanical Strength

基　　金：浙江省科技厅公益技术研究工业项目(2014C31157)资助~~

摘　　要：气体轴承透平膨胀机的故障诊断和处理,对保证整个制冷系统安全运行有重要影响。分析气体轴承透平膨胀机的结构组成对故障诊断意义重大。通过静平衡和动平衡试验消除由于转子不平衡引起的卡机故障。对转子超载引起的卡机故障应规范操作,保证启动和运转时不超速。分析了轴承所受的径向载荷和频繁启停及闪停电引起的影响气体轴承稳定性的问题,指出了供气压力、径向半径间隙及转子的平衡性间的关系。通过调整机壳与工作轮叶片的间隙避免内泄漏的增大。采取调整工作轮后部的密封间隙和充足的密封气量等措施减少外泄漏的发生。分析了液击故障产生的原因,提出处理方法。对管路堵塞、轴承气不洁净引起的运行故障作了分析处理。提出通过严格动静平衡试验、正确组装、规范操作以及经常维护等方法来保证气体轴承透平膨胀机的安全稳定运行。Diagnosis and resolution faults of gas bearing turbo- expander influences the operation of refrigeration system.Through the analysis of the structure of gas bearing turbo- expander is of great importance for fault diagnosis. Crashes,caused by the rotor imbalance,was eliminated by static balance and dynamic balance test,when gas bearing turbo- expander was started and run,it should be regulated not to overspeed to ensure that rotor were not overloaded. The reason of gas bearing stability was analyzed,caused by the radial load and frequent start-stop and flash power outage. The relationship between gas supply pressure,radial clearance and the rotor balance was analyzed. Clearance,between the machine shell and wheel,could be adjusted to avoid the increase of the internal leakage. Measures was adopt to reduce external leaks,such as adjusting the sealing gap at the back of the wheel and providing plenty of sealing gas. The causes of liquid impact fault was analyzed,and processing method was put forward. Failures caused by gas pipeline jam and unclean bearing gas were analyzed. Methods are proposed to ensure safe and stable operation of the turbo- expander gas bearing,such as rigorous test of dynamic and static balance,the correct assembly,standardized operation,and regular maintenance.

关 键 词：气体轴承透平膨胀机 故障 卡机 转子超载 气体轴承稳定性 泄漏 液击 

分 类 号：TH45[机械工程—机械制造及自动化]