植物叶绿体蛋白酶研究进展  

Research Progress of the Plant Chloroplast Protease

作　　者：常伟东[1] 惠亮亮[1] 徐敏[1] 付爱根 王玉华[1] 

机构地区：[1]西北大学生命科学学院,陕西省生物技术重点实验室,西部资源与现代生物技术省部共建教育部重点实验室,西安710069

出　　处：《基因组学与应用生物学》2016年第3期728-739,共12页Genomics and Applied Biology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(31471261);陕西省科技厅农业攻关项目(2013K01-09-02);陕西省教育厅重点实验室项目(11JS084)共同资助

摘　　要：叶绿体中包含着各种类型蛋白酶,它们构成了一个复杂而精细的蛋白酶系统,在维持叶绿体的正常发育与功能中起着重要的作用。其中加工肽酶,如SPP、TPP及CTP,是叶绿体蛋白成熟过程中的关键酶,它们在体内一般以单体形式存在,识别前体蛋白末端的特殊位点,去除其末端短肽。而Prep、Clp、Deg和FtsH等蛋白酶一般形成多亚基的复合体,负责降解叶绿体中的损伤蛋白及无效短肽,维持叶绿体内环境的稳定。我们综述了这些蛋白酶在叶绿体中的结构功能特点及作用机制。Chloroplast contains all kinds of protease. They constitute a complex and delicate protease system which plays a critical role in maintaining the normal development and function of chloroplast. Processing proteases,such as SPP,TPP and CTP,are the key enzymes in the process of chloroplast precursor proteins. These proteases existed as a free monomer,which recognized precursor protein at the special site and removed the terminal short peptide. And another kind of proteases generally form a large complex,such as Prep,Clp,Deg and FtsH,which were responsible for the degradation of both the damaged chloroplast proteins and the invalid short peptides in order to maintain the stability of the chloroplast environment. In this paper,we introduce the function,structure and mechanism of proteases in chloroplast.

关 键 词：加工肽酶 PREP CLP DEG FTSH 

分 类 号：Q946[生物学—植物学]