家畜多能干细胞的研究现状与应用（英文）  

The State and Application of Livestock Pluripotent Stem Cells

作　　者：郑丽明[1] 华进联[1] 李光鹏[2] 

机构地区：[1]西北农林科技大学动物医学院/陕西省干细胞工程技术研究中心,杨凌712100 [2]内蒙古大学哺乳动物生殖生物学生物技术教育部重点实验室,呼和浩特010021

出　　处：《农业生物技术学报》2016年第5期747-754,共8页Journal of Agricultural Biotechnology

基　　金：国家转基因重大专项(No.2014ZX08007-002)

摘　　要：多能干细胞(pluripotent stem cells,PSCs)包括从胚胎内细胞团中分离出的胚胎干细胞(embryonic stem cells,ESCs),外胚层干细胞(epiblast stem cells,Epi SCs),从原始生殖细胞(primordial germ cells,PGCs)分离出的胚胎生殖细胞(embryonic germ cells,EGCs)和诱导多能干细胞(induced pluripotent stem cells,iPSCs)。这些细胞都具有向各种类型细胞发育的潜能,因此,PSCs为再生医学的发展,人类基因疾病的动物模型的建立,异种器官移植和高质量抗病新品种的培育提供了有效的途径。迄今为止,PSCs在小鼠(Mus musculus)模型和人类物种已经做了大量研究,同时,家畜的ESCs和iPSCs也取得了有效的进展,表明其不仅可以应用于特定家畜优良品性的稳定遗传和优育,而且可以以家畜为载体生产人类需要的化学药品和抗体,甚至应用在人类疾病的临床前应用中。然而,家畜的ESCs相对来说是难分离和富集的,体外培养建立稳定的ESCs系具有更大的难度和挑战。近年来,得益于对家畜ESCs和相关iPSCs相关的持续研究,已初步揭示了家畜ESCs的独特生物学特性。PSCs已经成为生命科学和高科技农业和生物学一个创新的研究领域。在本文中,本文综述了家畜PSCs的发展历程与应用前景。Pluripotent stem cells （PSCs） include embryonic stem cells （ESCs） derived from the inner cell mass of an embryo, epiblast stem cells （EpiSCs）, embryonic germ cells （EGCs） from primordial germ cells （PGCs） and induced pluripotent stem cells （iPSCs）. These cells have unlimited developmental potentiality which can give rise to all cell types of body. Thus, these cells provide an efficient route to promote the study of developmental biology, establish animal models for human genetic diseases, obtain organs for xenotransplantation and generate high quality and disease-resistant new breeds. Up to date, most studies on PSCs were mouse （Mus musculus） and human. While, the ESCs and subsequently iPSCs of livestock also are undergoing effective development, which was not only used for keeping and promotion inherent selected quality of special livestock, but also production of chemical drugs and antibodies from livestock, even preclinical association of human diseases, because there were less limitations of organ physiology and immune systems in livestock than mouse, which may block research. However, the isolation and enrichment of livestock ESCs were difficult, so as the cell line establishment in vitro. As the persistent explore of livestock ESCs and iPSCs, they have become an innovation research field in life science and high-tech agriculture and biology. In this article, we review the progress and application of livestock PSCs.

关 键 词：多能干细胞(PSCs) 胚胎干细胞(ESCs) 诱导多能干细胞(iPSCs) 家畜繁育 转基因动物 动物模型 

分 类 号：Q28[生物学—细胞生物学]