煤矸石化学组分在自然堆存条件下的变化趋势研究  

Trend research of chemical components of storage coal gangue under natural conditions

作　　者：马克富[1,2] 武增礼[1,2,3] 傅皓[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]国家煤炭质量监督检验中心,北京100013 [2]煤炭资源高效开采与洁净利用国家重点实验室,北京100013 [3]煤科(沧州渤海新区)煤炭检测有限公司,河北沧州061001

出　　处：《煤质技术》2016年第2期49-52,59,共5页Coal Quality Technology

摘　　要：在自然堆存条件下的煤矸石受降雨喷淋、雨水浸渍等作用,其化学组分有可能溶出并进入土壤及水体造成污染。对在自然条件下堆存的煤矸石常规组分、灰成分组分、有害微量元素组分(镉、铜、镍、铅、锌、铬、氟、砷、汞)随堆存时间的变化趋势进行了研究。研究结果表明:选取在自然条件下堆存的4种煤矸石随着堆存时间的增加,其样品中常规组分和灰成分组分基本无变化;煤矸石中含量较高的氟和锌含量下降明显,铅的含量稍有变化但不明显,其他有害微量元素(如汞、砷、铬、铜、镍、镉)的含量变化不大;煤矸石中氟和锌的溶出速度受堆存时间的影响,在煤矸石堆存初期溶出较快,而随着堆存时间的增加,锌的含量基本不变,氟的含量变化趋于平缓。煤矸石中微量元素的赋存状态决定了其从煤矸石中溶出的难易,以无机态存在的、特别是以吸附态存在的微量元素受风化、降雨、浸渍等条件影响易于溶出。Under the natural storage conditions,the coal gangue was affected by rain spray and rain water impregnation,its chemical component might dissolve out and get into the soil and water body,which would lead to pollution.For storage coal gangue under natural conditions,the changing trends of conventional components,ash composition,harmful trace elements（chromium,copper,nickel,lead,zinc,cadmium,fluorine,arsenic,mercury） with storage time were discussed.The research results showed that;chose 4 types of coal gangue under natural conditions,with the increase of storage time,the conventional components and ash composition almost did not change;the fluorine and zinc decreased a lot,lead changed slightly,other harmful trace elements（like mercury,arsenic,chromium,copper,nickel,chromium） did not change a lot;the dissolving out speed of fluorine and zinc was affected by the storage time,at the primary period of storage,the dissolving out speed was quick,but with the increase of storage time,the zinc content almost did not change,and the fluorine content tended to be stable.The difficulty of dissolving out was decided by the occurrence state of trace elements in coal gauge,for elements which existed in inorganic state,especially in absorbed state,they tended to be dissolved out easily because of the weathering,raining or impregnation.

关 键 词：煤矸石 化学组分 微量元素 变化趋势 堆存时间 赋存状态 无机态 吸附态 

分 类 号：TD849.5[矿业工程—煤矿开采] X752[矿业工程—矿山开采]