四翼恐龙还是恐龙的性双形现象  

Four-winged dinosaurs or sexual dimorphism of dinosaurs

作　　者：王旭日[1] 季燕南[2] 黑须球子 季强[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国地质科学院地质研究所,北京100037 [2]中国地质环境监测院,北京100081 [3]中国地质大学(北京),北京100083

出　　处：《地质学刊》2016年第1期1-6,共6页Journal of Geology

基　　金：国家科学技术部973项目(2012CB822004);中国地质调查局地质调查项目(12120114026801)

摘　　要：根据数百件赵氏小盗龙(Microraptor zhaoianus)、顾氏小盗龙(Microraptor gui)、赫氏近鸟龙(Anchiornis huxleyi)和圣贤孔子鸟(Confuciusornis sanctus)标本的观察研究,在数理统计的基础上,获得几点认识:(1)顾氏小盗龙与赵氏小盗龙为同物异名,赵氏小盗龙为有效名称;(2)在研究的标本中,只有部分标本可以观察到这些物种的跖骨部分保存有羽毛印痕;(3)此种现象应该是恐龙的性双形现象,而不是所谓的"四翼恐龙";(4)这种现象表明,这些物种与今鸟类的关系较远,它们应该是恐龙向鸟类进化中的绝灭旁支;(5)在恐龙向鸟类演化的过程中,应该存在一个"滑翔"阶段,而不是"四翼恐龙"阶段。In recent years, several theropod dinosaurs with pennaceous feathers attached to the metatarsus have been reported from Western Liaoning, China, The findings are. Considered as new evidence to support the ＂tetrapteryx＂ hypothesis. By examining hundreds of specimens of Microiraptor zhaoianus, ＂M. gui＂, Anchiornis huxleyi and Confuciusornis sanctus, and with mathematical statistics, we find that： （1） ＂M. gui＂ is synonymous wiih M. zhaoianus, and M. zhaoianus is a valid name. （2） Only some studied specimens show clear pennaceous feathers affached to the metatarus or tarsometatarsus. （3） It is surely considered as sexual dimorphism, not the socalled four-winged dinosaurs： （4） These species have a distant relationship with birds, and they may be evolutionarily extinct collateral branches. C5） During the evolution from dinosaurs to birds, there should be a ＂gliding＂ stage, rather than a ＂four-winged dinosaur＂ stage.

关 键 词：四翼恐龙 性双形现象 滑翔阶段 四翼阶段 绝灭旁支 

分 类 号：Q915.3[天文地球—古生物学与地层学]