中美空军飞行学员医学选拔对照实证研究——男性乳腺疾病  

An empirical study on medical selection of flying cadets with male breast disease between PLAAF and USAF

作　　者：李浩[1] 邹志康[1] 刘庆元[1] 魏学明[2] 周海洋[2] 朱克顺[1] 吉保民[3] 马中立[3] 

机构地区：[1]空军总医院招飞体检队,北京100142 [2]空军总医院普通外科,北京100142 [3]空军总医院,北京100142

出　　处：《空军医学杂志》2016年第1期35-37,共3页Medical Journal of Air Force

基　　金：全军后勤科研"十二五"重大项目(AKJ11J003)

摘　　要：目的分析近年空军招飞定选中男性乳腺疾病分布,对比中美招飞医学选拔标准,以期为我军招飞医学选拔体系的完善提供支持。方法回顾分析空军医学选拔中心近年招飞定选受检者男性乳腺疾病数据,运用美军招飞标准再次分析,对比中美招飞医学选拔标准差异。结果 2012—2015年受检者中检出男性乳房发育症(gynecomastia,GYN)12例,淘汰3例;男性乳腺增生6例,淘汰1例,男性乳腺疾病的患病淘汰率为22.22%。运用美军标准后3例被淘汰男性GYN受检者全部合格,1例被淘汰乳腺增生受检者由于资料不全难以判定。结论中美招飞医学选拔男性乳腺疾病标准存在差异,美军招飞医学选拔标准更重视疾病对飞行的影响,结合我国青少年身体状况并借鉴国外招飞医学选拔标准才能制订出科学完善的空军招飞医学选拔体系。Objective To analyze the spectrum of male breast disease in the medical selection of flying cadets and compare the medical standard between US Air Force and Chinese Air Force in order to improve the system of medical selection.Methods We retrospectively analyzed male breast disease data on flying cadets of Chinese Air Force medical selection from 2012 to 2015 and reanalyzed these data under medical standard of US Air Force flying cadets.Results 4 students were eliminated because of male breast disease,3 gynecomastia and 1 breast hyperplasia.3 students of 3 eliminated students with gynecomastia were qualified under US Air Force medical standard.The students with breast hyperplasia can not be judge due to lack of data.Conclusion Compared with Chinese medical selection standards,the US Air Force standards pay more attention to whether the symptom of disease have influence on air safety and efficiency.Our medical selection standards needed to learn from foreign air forces and take ourselves condition into account.

关 键 词：飞行学员 医学选拔 体格检查 男性乳腺疾病 实证研究 

分 类 号：R851.3[医药卫生—航空、航天与航海医学] R655.8[医药卫生—临床医学]