一起集体单位诺如病毒G Ⅱ型腹泻暴发疫情调查  

An epidemiological investigation on an outbreak of diarrhea caused by noroviru GⅡ at the collective unit

作　　者：张海艳[1] 徐文彩[1] 郭建欣[1] 孙冰洁[1] 王珺[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京市东城区疾病预防控制中心,100009

出　　处：《首都公共卫生》2016年第2期89-92,共4页Capital Journal of Public Health

摘　　要：目的分析北京市东城区一起诺如病毒GⅡ型暴发疫情的发生原因,探讨集体单位聚集性疫情监测的重要性。方法采用确定病例定义、开展病例搜索、现场调查及实验室检测方法,分析暴发疫情病例的分布特征及感染来源。结果此次疫情共发病78人,罹患率15.4%。首发病例3月2日发病,发病高峰在3月5日,病例主要临床表现为腹泻（84.6%）、呕吐（66.8%）,男女性别比为1∶2.1,部门3的罹患率最高为42.9%。发病者和未发病者诺如病毒GⅡ型阳性检出率分别为76.5%和22.2%。发病者发病时间均在与首发病例密切接触或食用可疑污染食品后的最短和最长潜伏期内（24~72 h）。结论该起疫情为一起食堂凉菜制作人员感染诺如病毒GⅡ型后继续在岗工作,引起就餐人员发生诺如病毒感染的暴发疫情,高度怀疑通过污染食品和密接接触传播途径传播。Objective To understand the reasons of an outbreak of diarrhea caused by noroviru G Ⅱ in a collective unit of Dongcheng District,to explore the importance of the outbreak monitoring at the collective unit. Methods Case definition was made and the suspected cases were searched. The field investigation and laboratory testing were carried out to analysis the distribution features of the outbreak cases and sources of infection. Results A total of 78 cases were identified during this outbreak in March 2015,the attack rate was 15. 4%. The index patient developed illness on March 2,with a peak on March 5.Diarrhea. The main clinical symptoms occurred in 66 cases（ 84. 6%）,and vomiting occurred in 52 cases（ 66. 8%）. The sex ratio of male and female was 1∶ 2. 1. The highest attack rate was 42. 9% in department 3. The positive rate of noroviru G Ⅱ was76. 5% in the cases. 22. 2% of the cases were in the heath staffs. After contacted with the disease or eated contaminated food,the patients developed illness onset during the incubation period（ 24 ~ 72 h）. Conclusion This was the outbreak caused by the norovirus GⅡ,which showed that the food was contaminated by the kitchen workers who infected with the virus,or contacted with the cases.

关 键 词：诺如病毒 腹泻 暴发疫情 

分 类 号：R512.5[医药卫生—内科学]