幼穗分化期喷施表油菜素内酯(epi-BR)对水稻穗部性状的影响  

Effects of Epi-Brassinosteroid on Panicle Traits of Rice during Panicle Differentiation Stage

作　　者：宫彦龙 徐海[1] 夏原野[1] 杜志敏[1] 石笑蕊 徐正进[1] 

机构地区：[1]沈阳农业大学水稻研究所/农业部东北水稻生物学与遗传育种重点实验室/北方超级粳稻育种教育部重点实验室/辽宁省北方粳稻遗传育种重点实验室,辽宁沈阳110866

出　　处：《作物杂志》2016年第2期133-138,共6页Crops

基　　金：辽宁省科技厅北方粳稻育种与生产技术创新团队项目(201404235);辽宁省教育厅科学研究一般项目(L2013257);现代农业产业技术体系建设专项资金项目(CARS-01-13)

摘　　要：以5个水稻品种为材料,在水稻幼穗分化的苞分化期(T1)、枝梗分化期(T2)、颖花分化期(T3)、花粉母细胞形成及减数分裂期(T4)和花粉充实完成期(T5)分别喷施低浓度(C1:0.005mg/L)、中浓度(C2:0.010mg/L)和高浓度(C3:0.015mg/L)的表油菜素内酯(epi-Brassinosteroid,简写为epi-BR),研究其对水稻穗部性状的影响。结果表明,喷施不同浓度的epi-BR后,穗长和穗粒数均显著高于对照(CK),穗长不同浓度epi-BR处理间差异不显著,穗粒数C2、C3处理间差异显著。施用不同浓度的epi-BR对一次枝梗结实率的影响未达显著水平,但中浓度的epi-BR可显著提高二次枝梗结实率,进而显著提高整穗的结实率。喷施epi-BR可显著降低千粒重(包括一次枝梗和二次枝梗千粒重),且epi-BR浓度越高,降低千粒重的效果越明显。喷施epi-BR可显著降低着粒密度,且低浓度epi-BR和中浓度epi-BR的降低效果比高浓度epi-BR更为明显。在幼穗分化的不同时期喷施epi-BR后对穗长的促进效果T4>T1>T5>T3>T2,对穗粒数的促进效果T1>T3>T2>T4>T5,对结实率的促进效果以T4时期施用最为明显,对枝梗数和千粒重性状的影响不同施用时期间差异不大,施用时期越延后降低着粒密度的效果越明显。epi-BR的施用浓度与施用时期间具有互作效应,本研究针对不同穗部性状的调控效果,确定了效应最大时的施用浓度与施用时期组合。Five rice cultivars were used as test materials to study the effects that spraying epi-brassinosteroid with lower,medium and high concentrations on the panicle traits of rice during panicle differentiation stages,which including bract differentiation stage（T1）,branch differentiation stage（T2）,spikelet primordium differentiation stage（T3）,pollen mother cell formation and meiosis stage（T4）,pollen filling stage（T5）. The results were as follows,panicle length and grain number were significantly higher than that of the control. The difference on seed setting rate of primary branch was not significant,but epi-BR with medium concentrations could significantly increase seed setting rate of secondary branch,so promote the seed setting rate of whole panicle. Grains weight（include thousand grains weight of primary and secondary branch） fell significantly after applying epi-BR. Larger the concentrations,lower the seed setting rate. Grain density fell significantly after applying epi-BR,but low and medium concentrations of epi-BR were more effective on decreasing grains density than that of high concentrations. After spraying epi-BR at different periods of panicle differentiation,the effect of promoting panicle length was T4T1T5T3T2,the effect of promoting grain number was T1T3T2T4T5. The effect of promoting panicle seed setting rate was more obvious at the pollen mother cell formation and meiosis stage（T4）,the effects of different spraying periods on the differences of branch number and thousand grains weight were not significant,the more delay the spraying periods,the more obvious the effect of grains density decreased. There was interaction effect between the spraying periods and concentrations. We made sure the best combination of spraying periods and concentrations aimed at regulating effect of different panicle traits.

关 键 词：水稻 表油菜素内酯 穗部性状 幼穗分化期 

分 类 号：S511[农业科学—作物学]