基于压电阻抗技术的螺栓松动监测试验研究  

Experimental Study of Bolt Loosening Detection Based on Piezoelectric Impedance Technology

作　　者：宋琛琛 谢丽宇[1] 薛松涛[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]同济大学结构工程与防灾研究所,上海200092 [2]日本东北工业大学工学部

出　　处：《公路交通科技》2016年第4期113-119,共7页Journal of Highway and Transportation Research and Development

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(51208377)

摘　　要：为了实现对螺栓松紧状态的监测,设计一种黏贴有PZT材料的特制垫片。设定形状不同的垫片,并与直接将PZT片黏贴在螺栓附近结构表面的方法进行对比试验。研究螺栓松紧程度不同的情况下各种监测方法的PZT谐振频率、幅值和损伤系数等频谱特性参数的变化。试验结果表明:将PZT片粘贴在翘垫片上的方法中PZT片的RMSD值随螺栓扭矩增大,有明显减小的趋势。且从4个螺栓相互干扰的试验结果来看,使用翘垫片的方法感应范围集中于垫片的螺栓与主体结构连接部分,非常有效地隔离了临近螺栓松动对信号的干扰,对螺栓松动的敏感性更高。In order to monitor the tightness of bolts,a kind of special washer with PZT piece is designed. The PZT pieces are attached to different shaped washers or directly attached to the structural surface near the bolts for the contrast experiments between them. The variation of the spectrum characteristic parameters including the resonant frequency,the amplitude,and the damage coefficient of the PZT using various monitoring methods under different degrees of bolt tightness are studied. The experimental result shows that the RMSD value of PZT piece in the method of attaching to the bending washer obviously decreases with the increase of the bolt torque. The experimental result of mutual interference of 4 bolts shows that the sensing range of using bending washer is concentrated in the connecting part of the bolt and the main structure,it effectively isolates the interference of the loosening of adjacent bolts on the signal,and it has the higher sensitivity to the bolt loosening.

关 键 词：交通工程 螺栓松动监测 阻抗分析 压电材料 

分 类 号：U491.59[交通运输工程—交通运输规划与管理]